Glovinsky P B, Spielman A J, Carroll P, Weinstein L, Ellman S J
Department of Psychology, City College of The City University of New York.
Psychophysiology. 1990 Sep;27(5):552-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.1990.tb01974.x.
Determinants of daytime sleepiness include sleep length, sleep continuity, and circadian factors. Sleep stage composition has not been seen as influencing subsequent daytime functioning; however, earlier studies did not focus explicitly on sleepiness. The present experiment studied the effects of selective sleep-stage restriction on an objective measure of sleep tendency, and explored the relationship between sleepiness and subsequent REM recurrence during REM deprivation. Daytime sleep latency was measured by a modified Multiple Sleep Latency Test prior to and following two nights of awakenings from either REM or Stage 2 sleep in 16 normal young adults. Sleep latency following these awakenings was also measured. REM sleep and Stage 2 awakenings produced comparable levels of sleepiness, both during the Awakening Nights and subsequent daytime Multiple Sleep Latency Testing. Pooling the groups, daytime and nocturnal sleepiness measures were correlated within individuals. In the REM-Awakening Group, Pre-Awakening daytime sleepiness was associated with the tendency for REM sleep to recur following experimental awakenings. Comparable levels of sleepiness may result from nonspecific processes such as sleep curtailment and fragmentation, or alternatively from separate REM and Stage 2 mechanisms. The relationship between REM sleep and sleepiness is discussed in the context of both state and trait models.
日间嗜睡的决定因素包括睡眠时间、睡眠连续性和昼夜节律因素。睡眠阶段构成尚未被视为会影响随后的日间功能；然而，早期研究并未明确关注嗜睡情况。本实验研究了选择性睡眠阶段限制对睡眠倾向客观测量的影响，并探讨了在快速眼动睡眠剥夺期间嗜睡与随后快速眼动睡眠复发之间的关系。在16名正常年轻成年人中，通过改良的多次睡眠潜伏期测试，在从快速眼动睡眠或第二阶段睡眠中唤醒两晚之前和之后测量日间睡眠潜伏期。还测量了这些唤醒后的睡眠潜伏期。在唤醒夜期间以及随后的日间多次睡眠潜伏期测试中，快速眼动睡眠和第二阶段睡眠唤醒产生的嗜睡水平相当。将两组数据合并后，个体内部的日间和夜间嗜睡测量结果具有相关性。在快速眼动睡眠唤醒组中，唤醒前的日间嗜睡与实验性唤醒后快速眼动睡眠复发的倾向有关。相当水平的嗜睡可能是由睡眠减少和碎片化等非特异性过程导致的，或者是由独立的快速眼动睡眠和第二阶段睡眠机制导致的。在状态和特质模型的背景下讨论了快速眼动睡眠与嗜睡之间的关系。
