Department of Knowledge Management and Sharing, WHO, Avenue Appia 20, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland.
Health Res Policy Syst. 2012 Jul 2;10:20. doi: 10.1186/1478-4505-10-20.
A major obstacle to the progress of the Millennium Development Goals has been the inability of health systems in many low- and middle-income countries to effectively implement evidence-informed interventions. This article discusses the relationships between implementation research and knowledge translation and identifies the role of implementation research in the design and execution of evidence-informed policy. After a discussion of the benefits and synergies needed to translate implementation research into action, the article discusses how implementation research can be used along the entire continuum of the use of evidence to inform policy. It provides specific examples of the use of implementation research in national level programmes by looking at the scale up of zinc for the treatment of childhood diarrhoea in Bangladesh and the scaling up of malaria treatment in Burkina Faso. A number of tested strategies to support the transfer of implementation research results into policy-making are provided to help meet the standards that are increasingly expected from evidence-informed policy-making practices.
实现千年发展目标的主要障碍之一是，许多中低收入国家的卫生系统无法有效地实施循证干预措施。本文讨论了实施研究与知识转化之间的关系，并确定了实施研究在设计和执行循证政策方面的作用。在讨论了将实施研究转化为行动所需的益处和协同作用之后，本文讨论了如何在循证用于制定政策的整个连续体中使用实施研究。它通过考察孟加拉国扩大使用锌治疗儿童腹泻以及布基纳法索扩大疟疾治疗范围的情况，提供了在国家一级方案中使用实施研究的具体实例。提供了一些经过检验的策略来支持将实施研究结果转移到决策中，以帮助达到循证决策实践日益期望的标准。
