Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02905, USA.
J Surg Res. 2012 Dec;178(2):586-92. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2012.06.009. Epub 2012 Jun 21.
Moderate alcohol consumption is largely believed to be cardioprotective, while red wine is hypothesized to offer benefit in part due to the proangiogenic and antioxidant properties of polyphenols. We investigated the cardiovascular effects of both red wine and vodka in a swine model of endothelial dysfunction.
Twenty-seven male Yorkshire swine fed a high-fat/cholesterol diet were divided into three groups and received either no alcohol (Control), red wine, or vodka. After 7 wk, myocardial perfusion was measured, and ventricular tissue was analyzed for microvascular reactivity and immunohistochemical studies.
There were no differences in myocardial perfusion, in arteriolar or capillary density, or in VEGF expression among groups. Total protein oxidation as well as expression of superoxide dismutase-1 and -2 and NADPH oxidase was decreased in both treatment groups compared to controls. Endothelium-dependent microvessel relaxation, however, was significantly improved only in the red wine-supplemented group.
Supplementation with both red wine and vodka decreased oxidative stress by several measures, implicating the effects of ethanol in reducing oxidative stress in the myocardium. However, it was only in the red wine-supplemented group that an improvement in microvessel function was observed. This suggests that a component of red wine, independent of ethanol, possibly a polyphenol such as resveratrol, may confer cardioprotection by normalizing endothelial dysfunction induced by an atherogenic diet.
适量饮酒被广泛认为对心脏有益，而红葡萄酒则被认为具有益处，部分原因是其多酚具有促血管生成和抗氧化作用。我们在猪内皮功能障碍模型中研究了红葡萄酒和伏特加对心血管的影响。
27 只雄性约克夏猪喂食高脂肪/高胆固醇饮食，分为三组，分别给予无酒精（对照组）、红葡萄酒或伏特加。7 周后测量心肌灌注，并分析心室组织的微血管反应和免疫组织化学研究。
三组之间的心肌灌注、小动脉和毛细血管密度或 VEGF 表达均无差异。与对照组相比，两种治疗组的总蛋白氧化以及超氧化物歧化酶-1 和 -2 和 NADPH 氧化酶的表达均降低。然而，仅在补充红葡萄酒的组中，内皮依赖性微血管松弛显著改善。
补充红葡萄酒和伏特加均可通过多种措施降低氧化应激，提示乙醇可降低致动脉粥样硬化饮食引起的心肌氧化应激。然而，只有在补充红葡萄酒的组中观察到微血管功能的改善。这表明红葡萄酒中的一种成分（独立于乙醇），可能是一种多酚，如白藜芦醇，通过使内皮功能障碍正常化来提供心脏保护。
