Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.
J Sports Sci. 2012;30 Suppl 1:S43-52. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2012.703784.
Ramadan results in a number of behavioural alterations in individuals when compared to their normal habits outside of this holy month. These changes in behaviour could impact upon the effectiveness of the activity of an elite athlete who has high daily activity levels and energy expenditures. Understanding the true impact of Ramadan on human physiology will also require an awareness of the key aspects of circadian rhythms. This article will present theoretical background content on circadian rhythms along with data on the potential influence of circadian variation on soccer performance. It will also attempt to provide an insight into the problems of partial sleep deprivation and travel for the elite player. The contents will suggest that there is a basis for the within-day variation in physiological and psychological function to impact soccer performance if games are played early in the day or very late at night. As competitive fixtures are uncommon at these times these influences may be more relevant to the timing and organisation of training sessions. It is also likely that a lack of sleep and excessive travel will provide conditions that are not conducive to optimal performance. This would indicate that teams should think carefully about their preparation strategies for important tournaments and games.
斋月期间，人们的行为习惯会发生很多变化，与平时相比会有很大不同。这些行为上的改变可能会影响到那些日常活动量和能量消耗都很高的精英运动员的运动表现。要想真正了解斋月对人体的影响，就必须了解昼夜节律的关键方面。本文将介绍昼夜节律的理论背景知识，并提供关于昼夜节律变化对足球表现潜在影响的数据。本文还将尝试深入了解精英运动员的部分睡眠剥夺和旅行问题。内容表明，如果比赛在当天早些时候或深夜进行，那么一天中生理和心理功能的日内变化会对足球表现产生影响。由于在这些时间段内很少有比赛，所以这些影响可能与训练课的时间安排和组织更为相关。缺乏睡眠和过度旅行也很可能会导致条件不佳，不利于发挥出最佳水平。这表明各支球队在为重要的锦标赛和比赛做准备时，应该仔细考虑他们的备战策略。
