Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA.
Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2012 Aug;14(4):320-7. doi: 10.1007/s11920-012-0291-x.
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is the intermediate stage between the cognitive changes of normal aging and dementia. MCI is important because it constitutes a high risk group for dementia. Ideally, prevention strategies should target individuals who are not even symptomatic. Indeed, the field is now moving towards identification of asymptomatic individuals who have underlying Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology that can be detected using biomarkers and neuroimaging technologies. To this effect, the Alzheimer's Association and the National Institute on Aging have developed a new classification scheme that has categorized AD into a preclinical phase (research category), MCI due to AD, and dementia of Alzheimer's type. However, there are also ongoing research studies to understand high-risk groups for non-Alzheimer's dementia.
轻度认知障碍（MCI）是正常衰老和痴呆症认知变化之间的中间阶段。MCI 很重要，因为它构成了痴呆症的高风险群体。理想情况下，预防策略应该针对甚至没有症状的个体。事实上，该领域现在正朝着识别无症状个体的方向发展，这些个体有潜在的阿尔茨海默病（AD）病理，可以使用生物标志物和神经影像学技术检测到。为此，阿尔茨海默病协会和美国国家老龄化研究所制定了一个新的分类方案，将 AD 分为临床前阶段（研究类别）、AD 引起的 MCI 和阿尔茨海默病型痴呆。然而，也有正在进行的研究来了解非阿尔茨海默病痴呆的高危群体。
