Center for Aerobiological Sciences, United States Army Medical Research Institute for Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, USA.
Infect Immun. 2012 Sep;80(9):3332-40. doi: 10.1128/IAI.00675-12. Epub 2012 Jul 9.
Burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, is recognized as a serious health threat due to its involvement in septic and pulmonary infections in areas of endemicity and is recognized by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as a category B biothreat agent. An animal model is desirable to evaluate the pathogenesis of melioidosis and medical countermeasures. A model system that represents human melioidosis infections is essential in this process. A group of 10 rhesus macaques (RMs) and 10 African green monkeys (AGMs) was exposed to aerosolized B. pseudomallei 1026b. The first clinical signs were fever developing 24 to 40 h postexposure followed by leukocytosis resulting from a high percentage of neutrophils. Dyspnea manifested 2 to 4 days postexposure. In the AGMs, an increase in interleukin 1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-8, gamma interferon (IFN-γ), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) was observed. In the RMs, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α increased. All the RMs and AGMs had various degrees of bronchopneumonia, with inflammation consisting of numerous neutrophils and a moderate number of macrophages. Both the RMs and the AGMs appear to develop a melioidosis infection that closely resembles that seen in acute human melioidosis. However, for an evaluation of medical countermeasures, AGMs appear to be a more appropriate model.
类鼻疽伯克霍尔德菌是类鼻疽病的病原体，由于其在流行地区引起的败血性和肺部感染，被认为是严重的健康威胁，并且被疾病控制和预防中心认定为 B 类生物威胁剂。为了评估类鼻疽病的发病机制和医疗对策，需要建立动物模型。在这个过程中，代表人类类鼻疽感染的模型系统是必不可少的。一组 10 只恒河猴（RMs）和 10 只非洲绿猴（AGMs）暴露于雾化的类鼻疽伯克霍尔德菌 1026b 中。首次临床症状是暴露后 24 至 40 小时出现发热，随后出现白细胞增多，主要是中性粒细胞增多。暴露后 2 至 4 天出现呼吸困难。在 AGMs 中，观察到白细胞介素 1β（IL-1β）、IL-6、IL-8、γ干扰素（IFN-γ）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）增加。在 RMs 中，IL-1β、IL-6 和 TNF-α 增加。所有 RMs 和 AGMs 均有不同程度的支气管肺炎，炎症由大量中性粒细胞和少量巨噬细胞组成。RMs 和 AGMs 似乎都发展为类鼻疽感染，与急性人类类鼻疽非常相似。然而，对于医疗对策的评估，AGMs 似乎是一个更合适的模型。
