Myko Tech Private Limited, 313, Vainguinim Valley, Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2012 Feb;28(2):505-12. doi: 10.1007/s11274-011-0841-0. Epub 2011 Jul 24.
Melanins are commonly produced by bacteria, fungi, plants and animals, where they play a role in many biological functions. They protect organisms against UV and ionizing radiations. Their potential applications in biotechnological industries such as cosmetics and paints, where UV protection is required, are hampered by the lack of suitable organisms or methods to produce them abundantly. We report here the production of high amounts of extracellular melanin by the fungus Gliocephalotrichum simplex in cultures supplemented with tyrosine. Their typical UV-absorbance, as well as i.r., (13)C solid-state and (1)H NMR spectra indicated that the melanin is a eumelanin, being a copolymer of dihydroxyindole carboxylic acid and dihydroxyindole, associated with some carbohydrates and proteinaceous matter. Optimal culture conditions established by a Plackett-Burman experiment, followed by a full factorial experiment based on tyrosine and peptone yielded a maximum of up to 6.6 g melanin l(-1). The high yields of extracellular melanin from G. simplex enables its use in biotechnology.
黑色素通常由细菌、真菌、植物和动物产生，在许多生物功能中发挥作用。它们可以保护生物免受紫外线和电离辐射的伤害。由于缺乏合适的产生黑色素的生物体或方法，其在生物技术产业中的应用受到限制，如化妆品和油漆行业，这些行业需要紫外线防护。我们在这里报告了真菌 Gliocephalotrichum simplex 在补充酪氨酸的培养物中产生大量细胞外黑色素。它们的典型紫外吸收，以及红外光谱（13）C 固态和（1）H NMR 表明黑色素是一种真黑色素，是二羟吲哚羧酸和二羟吲哚的共聚物，与一些碳水化合物和蛋白质物质有关。通过 Plackett-Burman 实验确定的最佳培养条件，随后基于酪氨酸和蛋白胨的全因子实验，可获得高达 6.6 g 黑色素 l(-1) 的最高产量。G. simplex 细胞外黑色素的高产量使其能够在生物技术中得到应用。
