Cerebellum. 2012 Sep;11(3):605-8. doi: 10.1007/s12311-012-0404-4.
Tight regulation of calcium (Ca(2+)) dynamics is critical for all neurons. Ca(2+) is a major mediator of cellular excitability, synaptic plasticity, and regulation of transcription, amongst others. Recent years have seen major developments in terms of understanding the roles of Ca(2+) signals in the cerebellar circuitry, especially for Purkinje neurons and granule cells. The unique morphology of Purkinje neurons serves as a platform to unravel the secrets of Ca(2+) homeostasis in cerebellar microcircuits. This special issue covers recent advances in Ca(2+) signaling and imaging, and highlights the importance of spatiotemporal compartmentalization underlying Ca(2+) dynamics. Sorting out the pieces of the puzzle of homeostatic regulation of Ca(2+) remains an instrumental step to start rational therapies of Ca(2+) deregulation.
钙（Ca(2+)）动力学的严格调节对所有神经元都至关重要。Ca(2+)是细胞兴奋性、突触可塑性和转录调节等的主要介质。近年来，人们对 Ca(2+)信号在小脑回路中的作用有了更深入的了解，特别是对浦肯野神经元和颗粒细胞的作用。浦肯野神经元的独特形态为揭示小脑微循环中 Ca(2+)稳态的奥秘提供了一个平台。本期特刊涵盖了 Ca(2+)信号和成像方面的最新进展，并强调了 Ca(2+)动力学的时空分区化的重要性。梳理 Ca(2+)稳态调节的拼图碎片仍然是开始进行 Ca(2+)失调的合理治疗的重要步骤。
