Sabshin Stephanie J, Levy Julie K, Tupler Tiffany, Tucker Sylvia J, Greiner Ellis C, Leutenegger Christian M
Maddie's Shelter Medicine Program, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2012 Aug 1;241(3):331-7. doi: 10.2460/javma.241.3.331.
To determine the frequency of enteropathogens in cats entering an animal shelter with normal feces or diarrhea.
Cross-sectional study.
100 cats evaluated at an open-admission municipal animal shelter in Florida.
Fecal samples collected within 24 hours after admission from 50 cats with normal feces and 50 cats with diarrhea were tested by fecal flotation, antigen testing, PCR assay, and electron microscopy for selected enteropathogens.
12 enteropathogens were identified. Cats with diarrhea were no more likely to be infected with ≥ 1 (84%) enteropathogens than were cats with normal feces (84%). Only feline coronavirus was significantly more prevalent in cats with diarrhea (58%) than in cats with normal feces (36%). Other enteropathogens identified in cats with and without diarrhea included Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin A (42% and 50%, respectively), Cryptosporidium spp (10% and 20%, respectively), Giardia spp (20% and 8%, respectively), Cystoisospora spp (14% and 10%, respectively), hookworms (10% and 18%, respectively), ascarids (6% and 16%, respectively), Salmonella spp (6% and 4%, respectively), astrovirus (8% and 2%, respectively), feline panleukopenia virus (4% and 4%, respectively), calicivirus (0% and 2%, respectively), and Spirometra spp (0% and 2%, respectively).
In the present study, cats entered the shelter with a variety of enteropathogens, many of which are pathogenic or zoonotic. Most infections were not associated with diarrhea or any specific risk factors such as signalment, source, or body condition, making it difficult to predict which cats were most likely to be infected. It is not possible to test all shelter cats for all possible infections, so practical guidelines should be developed to treat routinely for the most common and important enteropathogens.
确定进入动物收容所的粪便正常或腹泻的猫中肠道病原体的感染频率。
横断面研究。
对佛罗里达州一家开放式收容的市立动物收容所的100只猫进行评估。
对入院后24小时内收集的50只粪便正常的猫和50只腹泻猫的粪便样本进行粪便漂浮、抗原检测、聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测以及电子显微镜检查，以检测选定的肠道病原体。
共鉴定出12种肠道病原体。腹泻猫感染≥1种（84%）肠道病原体的可能性并不高于粪便正常的猫（84%）。仅猫冠状病毒在腹泻猫中的感染率（58%）显著高于粪便正常的猫（36%）。在有腹泻和无腹泻的猫中鉴定出的其他肠道病原体包括产气荚膜梭菌肠毒素A（分别为42%和50%）、隐孢子虫属（分别为10%和20%）、贾第虫属（分别为20%和8%）、等孢球虫属（分别为14%和10%）、钩虫（分别为10%和18%）、蛔虫（分别为6%和16%）、沙门氏菌属（分别为6%和4%）、星状病毒（分别为8%和2%）、猫泛白细胞减少症病毒（分别为4%和4%）、杯状病毒（分别为0%和2%）以及裂头绦虫属（分别为0%和2%）。
在本研究中，进入收容所的猫携带多种肠道病原体，其中许多具有致病性或人畜共患性。大多数感染与腹泻或任何特定风险因素（如品种、来源或身体状况）无关，因此难以预测哪些猫最有可能被感染。由于不可能对所有收容所的猫进行所有可能感染的检测，所以应制定实用指南，以便对最常见和重要的肠道病原体进行常规治疗。
