Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Caixa Postal: 68.066, CCS-Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-971, Brazil.
Pediatr Nephrol. 2012 Oct;27(10):1961-6. doi: 10.1007/s00467-012-2194-9. Epub 2012 Jul 20.
This study aimed to determine whether dental calculus formation is really higher among patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis than among controls. Furthermore, the study evaluated correlations between dental calculus formation and dental plaque, variables that are related to renal disease and/or saliva composition.
The Renal Group was composed of 30 patients undergoing hemodialysis, whereas the Healthy Group had 30 clinically healthy patients. Stimulated whole saliva and parotid saliva were collected. Salivary flow rate and calcium and phosphate concentrations were determined. In the Renal Group the saliva collection was carried out before and after a hemodialysis session. Patients from both groups received intraoral exams, oral hygiene instructions, and dental scaling. Three months later, the dental calculus was measured by the Volpe-Manhold method to determine the rate of dental calculus formation.
The Renal Group presented a higher rate of dental calculus formation (p < 0.01). Correlation was observed between rate of dental calculus formation and whole saliva flow rate in the Renal Group after a hemodialysis session (r = 0.44, p < 0.05). The presence of dental calculus was associated with phosphate concentration in whole saliva from the Renal Group (p < 0.05).
In conclusion, patients undergoing hemodialysis presented accelerated dental calculus formation, probably due to salivary variables.
本研究旨在确定接受血液透析的慢性肾脏病患者的牙石形成是否确实高于对照组。此外，该研究还评估了牙石形成与牙菌斑之间的相关性，牙菌斑是与肾脏疾病和/或唾液成分相关的变量。
肾脏组由 30 名接受血液透析的患者组成，而健康组则由 30 名临床健康的患者组成。收集了刺激性全唾液和腮腺唾液。测定唾液流率和钙、磷浓度。在肾脏组中，在血液透析前后进行唾液采集。两组患者均接受口腔检查、口腔卫生指导和牙齿洁治。三个月后，采用 Volpe-Manhold 法测量牙石量，以确定牙石形成率。
肾脏组牙石形成率较高（p<0.01）。血液透析后，肾脏组全唾液流率与牙石形成率呈正相关（r=0.44，p<0.05）。肾脏组全唾液中牙石的存在与磷浓度呈正相关（p<0.05）。
总之，接受血液透析的患者牙石形成加速，可能与唾液变量有关。
