Institut Pierre Richet / Institut National de Santé Publique, BP V 47 Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.
Parasit Vectors. 2012 Jul 30;5:153. doi: 10.1186/1756-3305-5-153.
Sleeping sickness, transmitted by G. p. palpalis, is known to be present in the Ivory Coast. G. p. palpalis has recently been reported to occur in several places within the town of Abidjan, including: (i) the Banco forest, (ii) the Abobo Adjamé University campus and (iii) the zoological park. Could these three places be treated sequentially, as separate tsetse populations, or should they be taken as one area comprising a single, panmictic population?
The amount of gene flow between these places provides strategic information for vector control. It was estimated by the use of both microsatellite DNA and morphometric markers. The idea was to assess the interest of the faster and much less expensive morphometric approach in providing relevant information about population structure. Thus, to detect possible lack of insect exchange between these neighbouring areas of Abidjan, we used both genetic (microsatellite DNA) and phenetic (geometric morphometrics) markers on the same specimens.Using these same markers, we also compared these samples with specimens from a more distant area of south Ivory Coast, the region of Aniassué (186 km north from Abidjan).
Neither genetic nor phenetic markers detected significant differentiation between the three Abidjan G. p. palpalis samples. Thus, the null hypothesis of a single panmictic population within the city of Abidjan could not be rejected, suggesting the control strategy should not consider them separately. The markers were also in agreement when comparing G. p. palpalis from Abidjan with those of Aniassué, showing significant divergence between the two sites.
Both markers suggested that a successful control of tsetse in Abidjan would require the three Abidjan sites to be considered together, either by deploying control measures simultaneously in all three sites, or by a continuous progression of interventions following for instance the "rolling carpet" principle. To compare the geometry of wing venation of tsetse flies is a cheap and fast technique. Agreement with the microsatellite approach highlights its potential for rapid assessment of population structure.
由冈比亚锥虫传播的昏睡病已知存在于科特迪瓦。冈比亚锥虫最近在阿比让镇的几个地方被报告发生，包括：（i）班科森林，（ii）阿博博-阿杰梅大学校园和（iii）动物园。这三个地方能否作为单独的采采蝇种群依次处理，还是应该被视为一个包含单一、混合种群的区域？
这些地方之间的基因流动量为媒介控制提供了战略信息。这是通过使用微卫星 DNA 和形态计量标记来估计的。其目的是评估形态计量方法在提供有关种群结构的相关信息方面的速度和成本效益。因此，为了检测这些阿比让相邻地区之间是否存在昆虫交换的可能性，我们在同一批标本上同时使用了遗传（微卫星 DNA）和表型（几何形态计量学）标记。使用这些相同的标记，我们还将这些样本与来自科特迪瓦南部更远地区的样本进行了比较，该地区是阿尼亚苏埃（阿比让以北 186 公里）。
遗传和表型标记都没有检测到三个阿比让冈比亚锥虫样本之间存在显著分化。因此，不能拒绝阿比让市存在单一混合种群的零假设，这表明控制策略不应将它们分开考虑。当将阿比让的冈比亚锥虫与阿尼亚苏埃的冈比亚锥虫进行比较时，标记也一致，表明这两个地点之间存在显著的差异。
这两个标记都表明，要成功控制阿比让的采采蝇，需要同时考虑阿比让的三个地点，要么同时在这三个地点部署控制措施，要么按照例如“滚动地毯”原则连续推进干预措施。比较采采蝇翅膀脉序的几何形状是一种廉价且快速的技术。与微卫星方法的一致性突出了其快速评估种群结构的潜力。
