The National Centre for Infection Prevention and Management, Imperial College, Charing Cross Campus, 3rd Floor, Reynolds Building, London W6 8RP, UK.
J Antimicrob Chemother. 2012 Jul;67 Suppl 1:i37-49. doi: 10.1093/jac/dks206.
Antibiotics are widely used in human and veterinary medicine for the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases. This practice has led to the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in both humans and animals. The potential role that animals, particularly livestock, might play as potential reservoirs of antibiotic resistance genes has been recognized, and it is currently a cause of public health concern. The impact of animal and human antibiotic usage on the emergence and persistence of resistant bacteria and the precise transfer pathways for resistance genes between humans and animals are not currently fully understood. As part of the remit of the UK Advisory Committee on Antimicrobial Resistance and Healthcare-Associated Infection (ARHAI), two main areas were addressed, namely methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, where both the human and veterinary health sectors share interests. We review the current knowledge of MRSA and resistant Gram-negative bacteria, and provide guidance on occupational risks for veterinary healthcare workers relating to animals infected or colonized with MRSA. Findings and recommendations for further work across disciplines and future research in multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria are also presented. Working collaboratively across disciplines is essential in order to better understand and challenge an important human and animal health problem: antimicrobial resistance.
抗生素在人类和兽医医学中被广泛用于预防和治疗传染病。这一做法导致了人类和动物体内出现了抗微生物耐药菌。人们已经认识到动物，特别是牲畜，可能作为抗生素耐药基因的潜在储存库，这目前是一个公共卫生关注的问题。动物和人类使用抗生素对抗菌耐药性的出现和持续存在的影响，以及耐药基因在人类和动物之间的确切转移途径目前尚未完全了解。作为英国抗菌素耐药性和与保健有关的感染咨询委员会（ARHAI）任务的一部分，解决了两个主要领域，即耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）和多药耐药革兰氏阴性菌，这两个领域均涉及人类和兽医健康部门的共同利益。我们回顾了关于 MRSA 和耐药革兰氏阴性菌的现有知识，并就兽医保健工作者接触感染或定植了 MRSA 的动物的职业风险提供了指导。还提出了针对多药耐药革兰氏阴性菌的进一步跨学科工作的建议和未来研究的建议。跨学科合作对于更好地理解和应对一个重要的人类和动物健康问题——抗菌素耐药性至关重要。
