儿童和青少年早餐质量指数（BQI）提案。
Proposal for a Breakfast Quality Index (BQI) for children and adolescents.
机构信息
Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain.
出版信息
Public Health Nutr. 2013 Apr;16(4):639-44. doi: 10.1017/S1368980012003175. Epub 2012 Jul 5.
OBJECTIVE
To propose and apply an instrument to assess the breakfast quality of children and adolescents in the Mediterranean area.
DESIGN
Randomized, cross-sectional survey of breakfast consumption using a validated semi-quantitative FFQ administered at school by trained dietitians between Tuesday and Friday. A Breakfast Quality Index (BQI) score was developed, assigning a positive value to the consumption of cereals, fruit, vegetables, dairy products, MUFA, Ca and compliance with energy recommendations, and to the absence of SFA and trans-rich fats. Data were analysed by Student's t test and ANOVA.
SETTING
Schools in Granada and Balearic Islands (Spain).
SUBJECTS
All schoolchildren (n 4332) aged 8-17 years at randomly selected and representative schools between 2006 and 2008, stratified by age and sex.
RESULTS
Breakfast was not consumed by 6·5 % of participants. BQI score was highest for children aged 7-9 years and decreased with age (P = 0·001). Females scored higher in all age groups. The lowest score was in males aged 14-17 years and the highest in females aged 7-9 years (P = 0·006).
CONCLUSIONS
The proposed BQI appears useful to estimate the breakfast quality of schoolchildren and to form a basis for nutrition education.
目的
提出并应用一种评估地中海地区儿童和青少年早餐质量的工具。
设计
采用经过验证的半定量 FFQ 进行随机、横断面调查，由经过培训的营养师在周二至周五于学校进行早餐消费调查。开发了一个早餐质量指数 (BQI) 评分，为谷物、水果、蔬菜、乳制品、MUFA、Ca 的消费以及与能量建议的一致性以及 SFA 和反式脂肪的不存在分配正值。使用学生 t 检验和 ANOVA 进行数据分析。
地点
西班牙格拉纳达和巴利阿里群岛的学校。
对象
2006 年至 2008 年在随机选择和具有代表性的学校中按年龄和性别分层的所有 8-17 岁的学龄儿童（n 4332）。
结果
有 6.5%的参与者没有吃早餐。7-9 岁儿童的 BQI 评分最高，且随着年龄的增长而降低（P = 0.001）。所有年龄组的女性得分都较高。14-17 岁男性得分最低，7-9 岁女性得分最高（P = 0.006）。
结论
所提出的 BQI 似乎可用于评估学龄儿童的早餐质量，并为营养教育提供基础。
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