Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2013 Jan;104(1):126-47. doi: 10.1037/a0029679. Epub 2012 Aug 20.
Quality of goal engagement and alternative goal suppression were investigated in this research. Integrating the dualistic model of passion (Vallerand et al., 2003) with goal-systems theory (Kruglanski et al., 2002), we hypothesized that obsessive passion--associated with recurrent goal-conflicts--would predict greater alternative goal suppression (i.e., goal-shielding) than would harmonious passion--characterized by effective synthesis of the passionate activity with other life domains. Results from 5 laboratory studies supported these hypotheses. In Study 1, participants' dispositional measures of harmonious and obsessive passion were correlated with an implicit measure of goal-shielding. Obsessive (but not harmonious) passion predicted the suppression of alternative goals and the progressive inhibition of unfamiliar goals. In Study 2, we extended these findings by demonstrating the interrelation between quality of goal engagement and goal-commitment such that goal-shielding effects were enhanced, but only for goals in conflict with other life domains (vs. well-integrated goals). In Study 3, the causal influence of passion on goal-shielding was supported via an experimental manipulation of passion. In Study 4, we replicated and extended Studies 1 and 3 by experimentally demonstrating that obsessive (but not harmonious) passion is a mindset conducive to the development of inhibitory links with alternative goals. Study 5 explored the psychological costs associated with repeated unconscious goal suppression by examining its effects on the depletion of self-regulatory resources. Collectively, the present results suggest that the qualitative distinction between obsessive and harmonious passion has implications for the goal-shielding effect and for subsequent self-regulatory behavior.
本研究考察了目标投入的质量和替代目标的抑制。通过整合激情的二元模型（Vallerand 等人，2003 年）和目标系统理论（Kruglanski 等人，2002 年），我们假设强迫性激情——与反复的目标冲突有关——会预测更大的替代目标抑制（即目标屏蔽），而和谐的激情——表现为将激情活动与其他生活领域有效融合——则不会。5 项实验室研究的结果支持了这些假设。在研究 1 中，参与者的和谐和强迫性激情的特质测量与目标屏蔽的内隐测量相关。强迫性（但非和谐）激情预测了替代目标的抑制和对不熟悉目标的逐步抑制。在研究 2 中，我们通过证明目标投入和目标承诺之间的相互关系扩展了这些发现，即目标屏蔽效应得到增强，但仅针对与其他生活领域（而非整合良好的目标）相冲突的目标。在研究 3 中，通过对激情的实验操纵，支持了激情对目标屏蔽的因果影响。在研究 4 中，我们通过实验证明强迫性（但非和谐）激情是一种有利于与替代目标建立抑制性联系的心态，从而复制和扩展了研究 1 和 3。研究 5 通过考察其对自我调节资源消耗的影响，探讨了反复无意识目标抑制所带来的心理成本。总的来说，这些结果表明，强迫性和和谐激情之间的定性区别对目标屏蔽效应和随后的自我调节行为有影响。
