模板化高密度脂蛋白纳米颗粒作为潜在的治疗方法和分子递药载体。
Templated high density lipoprotein nanoparticles as potential therapies and for molecular delivery.
机构信息
Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
出版信息
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2013 May;65(5):649-62. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2012.07.013. Epub 2012 Aug 17.
High density lipoproteins (HDLs) are dynamic natural nanoparticles best known for their role in cholesterol transport and the inverse correlation that exists between blood HDL levels and the risk of developing coronary heart disease. In addition, enhanced HDL-cholesterol uptake has been demonstrated in several human cancers. As such, the use of HDL as a therapeutic and as a vehicle for systemic delivery of drugs and as imaging agents is increasingly important. HDLs exist on a continuum from the secreted HDL-scaffolding protein, apolipoprotein A-1 (Apo A1), to complex, spherical "mature" HDLs. Aspects of HDL particles including their size, shape, and surface chemical composition are being recognized as critical to their diverse biological functions. Here we review HDL biology; strategies for synthesizing HDLs; data supporting the clinical use and benefit of directly administered HDL; a rationale for developing synthetic methods for spherical, mature HDLs; and, the potential to employ HDLs as therapies, imaging agents, and drug delivery vehicles. Importantly, methods that utilize nanoparticle templates to control synthetic HDL size, shape, and surface chemistry are highlighted.
高密度脂蛋白（HDL）是动态的天然纳米颗粒，以其在胆固醇转运中的作用以及血液 HDL 水平与冠心病风险之间存在的反比关系而闻名。此外，已经在几种人类癌症中证明了增强的 HDL-胆固醇摄取。因此，HDL 作为治疗剂以及用于全身递药和成像剂的载体的用途变得越来越重要。HDL 存在于从分泌的 HDL 支架蛋白载脂蛋白 A-1（Apo A1）到复杂的、球形的“成熟”HDL 的连续体中。HDL 颗粒的各个方面，包括其大小、形状和表面化学成分，被认为对其多种生物学功能至关重要。在这里，我们综述了 HDL 生物学；合成 HDL 的策略；支持直接给予 HDL 的临床应用和益处的数据；开发用于球形成熟 HDL 的合成方法的基本原理；以及将 HDL 用作治疗剂、成像剂和药物递送载体的潜力。重要的是，强调了利用纳米颗粒模板来控制合成 HDL 的大小、形状和表面化学的方法。
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