Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Novartis Research Foundation, Maulbeerstrasse 66, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland.
Trends Biochem Sci. 2012 Oct;37(10):436-46. doi: 10.1016/j.tibs.2012.07.002. Epub 2012 Aug 23.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short (∼22 nucleotide) RNAs that are important for the regulation of numerous biological processes. Accordingly, the expression of miRNAs is itself tightly controlled by mechanisms acting at the level of transcription as well as processing of miRNA precursors. Recently, active degradation of mature miRNAs has been identified as another mechanism that is important for miRNA homeostasis. Here we review the molecular factors and cellular conditions that promote miRNA turnover. We also discuss what is known about the physiological relevance of miRNA decay.
微小 RNA（miRNA）是一类重要的调控多种生物过程的短链 RNA（约 22 个核苷酸）。相应地，miRNA 的表达本身受到转录水平以及 miRNA 前体加工等机制的严格调控。最近，成熟 miRNA 的主动降解被鉴定为 miRNA 稳态的另一种重要机制。本文综述了促进 miRNA 周转的分子因子和细胞条件，并讨论了 miRNA 降解的生理相关性的已知信息。
