Vanuytsel Tim, Senger Stefania, Fasano Alessio, Shea-Donohue Terez
Mucosal Biology Research Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2013 Feb;1830(2):2410-26. doi: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2012.08.006. Epub 2012 Aug 16.
The discovery of markers to identify the intestinal stem cell population and the generation of powerful transgenic mouse models to study stem cell physiology have led to seminal discoveries in stem cell biology.
In this review we give an overview of the current knowledge in the field of intestinal stem cells (ISCs) highlighting the most recent progress on markers defining the ISC population and pathways governing intestinal stem cell maintenance and differentiation. Furthermore we review their interaction with other stem cell related pathways. Finally we give an overview of alteration of these pathways in human inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases.
We highlight the complex network of interactions occurring among different pathways and put in perspective the many layers of regulation that occur in maintaining the intestinal homeostasis.
Understanding the involvement of ISCs in inflammatory diseases can potentially lead to new therapeutic approaches to treat inflammatory GI pathologies such as IBD and celiac disease and could reveal the molecular mechanisms leading to the pathogenesis of dysplasia and cancer in inflammatory chronic conditions. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Biochemistry of Stem Cells.
用于鉴定肠道干细胞群体的标志物的发现以及用于研究干细胞生理学的强大转基因小鼠模型的建立，促成了干细胞生物学领域的重大发现。
在本综述中，我们概述了肠道干细胞（ISC）领域的当前知识，重点介绍了定义ISC群体的标志物以及控制肠道干细胞维持和分化的途径方面的最新进展。此外，我们还综述了它们与其他干细胞相关途径的相互作用。最后，我们概述了这些途径在人类炎症性胃肠疾病中的改变。
我们强调了不同途径之间发生的复杂相互作用网络，并阐述了维持肠道内环境稳定过程中发生的多层调控。
了解ISC在炎症性疾病中的作用可能会带来治疗炎症性胃肠疾病（如炎症性肠病和乳糜泻）的新治疗方法，并可能揭示导致炎症性慢性病发育异常和癌症发病机制的分子机制。本文是名为“干细胞生物化学”的特刊的一部分。
