Department of Computer Science, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242-1419, USA.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2013 Feb;39(1):23-36. doi: 10.1037/a0029716. Epub 2012 Aug 27.
This investigation examined how children and adults negotiate a challenging perceptual-motor problem with significant real-world implications--bicycling across two lanes of opposing traffic. Twelve- and 14-year-olds and adults rode a bicycling simulator through an immersive virtual environment. Participants crossed intersections with continuous cross traffic coming from opposing directions. Opportunities for crossing were divided into aligned (far gap opens with or before near gap) and rolling (far gap opens after near gap) gap pairs. Children and adults preferred rolling to aligned gap pairs, though this preference was stronger for adults than for children. Crossing aligned versus rolling gap pairs produced substantial differences in direction of travel, speed of crossing, and timing of entry into the near and far lanes. For both aligned and rolling gap pairs, children demonstrated less skill than adults in coordinating self and object movement. These findings have implications for understanding perception-action-cognition links and for understanding risk factors underlying car-bicycle collisions.
本研究考察了儿童和成人如何应对具有重要现实意义的挑战性感知运动问题——骑自行车穿越两条对向行驶的车道。12 岁和 14 岁的儿童和成人在骑自行车模拟器中穿过沉浸式虚拟环境。参与者穿过有来自相反方向的连续交叉车流的十字路口。交叉机会分为对齐（远间隙与近间隙同时或之前打开）和滚动（远间隙在近间隙之后打开）间隙对。儿童和成人更喜欢滚动间隙对，尽管这种偏好对于成人比儿童更强。与对齐间隙对相比，交叉滚动间隙对会导致行进方向、穿越速度和进入近道和远道的时间有很大差异。对于对齐和滚动间隙对，儿童在协调自身和物体运动方面的表现不如成人。这些发现对于理解感知-动作-认知联系以及理解汽车-自行车碰撞的潜在风险因素具有重要意义。
