Centre for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
Addiction. 2013 Feb;108(2):331-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.04067.x. Epub 2012 Nov 7.
Like many indigenous peoples, New Zealand Māori bear a heavy burden of alcohol-related harm relative to their non-indigenous compatriots, and disparities are greatest among young adults. We tested the effectiveness of web-based alcohol screening and brief intervention (e-SBI) for reducing hazardous drinking among Māori university students.
Parallel, double-blind, multi-site, randomized controlled trial.
Seven of New Zealand's eight universities.
In April 2010, we sent e-mail invitations to all 6697 17-24-year-old Māori students to complete a brief web questionnaire including the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT)-C, a screening tool for hazardous and harmful drinking. Those screening positive were computer randomized to: <10 minutes of web-based alcohol assessment and personalized feedback (intervention) or screening alone (control).
We conducted a fully automated 5-month follow-up assessment with observers and participants blinded to study hypotheses, design and intervention delivery. Pre-determined primary outcomes were: (i) frequency of drinking, (ii) amount consumed per typical drinking occasion, (iii) overall volume of alcohol consumed and (iv) academic problems.
Of the participants, 1789 were hazardous or harmful drinkers (AUDIT-C ≥ 4) and were randomized: 850 to control, 939 to intervention. Follow-up assessments were completed by 682 controls (80%) and 733 intervention group members (78%). Relative to controls, participants receiving intervention drank less often [RR = 0.89; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.82-0.97], less per drinking occasion (RR = 0.92; 95% CI: 0.84-1.00), less overall (RR = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.69-0.89) and had fewer academic problems (RR = 0.81; 95% CI: 0.69-0.95).
Web-based screening and brief intervention reduced hazardous and harmful drinking among non-help-seeking Māori students in a large-scale pragmatic trial. The study has wider implications for behavioural intervention in the important but neglected area of indigenous health.
与许多原住民一样，新西兰毛利人因饮酒相关伤害而承受着沉重的负担，与非原住民同胞相比，这一差距在年轻人中最大。我们测试了基于网络的酒精筛查和简短干预（e-SBI）在减少毛利大学生酗酒方面的有效性。
平行、双盲、多地点、随机对照试验。
新西兰的八所大学中的七所。
2010 年 4 月，我们向所有 6697 名 17-24 岁的毛利学生发送电子邮件邀请，要求他们完成一个简短的网络问卷，其中包括酒精使用障碍识别测试（AUDIT-C），这是一种用于筛查危险和有害饮酒的工具。那些筛查呈阳性的人被计算机随机分配到：<10 分钟的基于网络的酒精评估和个性化反馈（干预）或单独筛查（对照）。
我们进行了为期 5 个月的完全自动化随访评估，观察者和参与者对研究假设、设计和干预措施的实施均不知情。预先确定的主要结果是：（i）饮酒频率，（ii）每次典型饮酒的饮酒量，（iii）饮酒总量和（iv）学业问题。
在参与者中，有 1789 人是危险或有害饮酒者（AUDIT-C≥4），并被随机分配：850 人对照组，939 人干预组。对照组完成了 682 次随访评估（80%），干预组完成了 733 次（78%）。与对照组相比，接受干预的参与者饮酒频率较低[RR=0.89；95%置信区间（CI）：0.82-0.97]，每次饮酒量较少[RR=0.92；95% CI：0.84-1.00]，总饮酒量较少[RR=0.78；95% CI：0.69-0.89]，学业问题也较少[RR=0.81；95% CI：0.69-0.95]。
基于网络的筛查和简短干预减少了大规模实用试验中毛利非求助学生的危险和有害饮酒。这项研究对行为干预在重要但被忽视的原住民健康领域具有更广泛的意义。
