Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2013 Jan;29(1):183-9. doi: 10.1007/s11274-012-1159-2. Epub 2012 Aug 28.
Unlike filamentous fungi and bacteria, very little is known about cultivable yeasts associated with marine sponges, especially those from Antarctic seas. During an expedition to King George Island, in the Antarctica, samples of 11 marine sponges were collected by scuba-diving. From these sponges, 20 psychrotolerant yeast isolates were obtained. Phylogenetic analyses of D1/D2 and ITS rRNA gene sequences revealed that the marine ascomycetous yeast Metschnikowia australis is the predominant organism associated with these invertebrates. Other species found belonged to the Basidiomycota phylum: Cystofilobasidium infirmominiatum, Rhodotorula pinicola, Leucosporidiella creatinivora and a new yeast from the Leucosporidiella genus. None of these yeasts have been previously associated with marine sponges. A screening to estimate the ability of these yeasts as producers of extracellular enzymatic activities at several pH and temperature conditions was performed. Several yeast isolates demonstrated amylolytic, proteolytic, lipolytic or cellulolytic activity, but none of them showed xylanolytic activity under the conditions assayed. To our knowledge, this work is the first description of cultivable yeasts associated with marine sponges from the Antarctic sea.
与丝状真菌和细菌不同，人们对与海洋海绵相关的可培养酵母知之甚少，尤其是来自南极海域的酵母。在一次前往南极洲乔治王岛的考察中，潜水员采集了 11 个海洋海绵样本。从这些海绵中，获得了 20 个耐冷酵母分离株。D1/D2 和 ITS rRNA 基因序列的系统发育分析表明，与这些无脊椎动物相关的主要生物是海洋子囊菌 Metschnikowia australis。其他发现的物种属于担子菌门：Cystofilobasidium infirmominiatum、Rhodotorula pinicola、Leucosporidiella creatinivora 和 Leucosporidiella 属的一种新酵母。这些酵母以前都没有与海洋海绵有关联。对这些酵母在不同 pH 和温度条件下产生细胞外酶活性的能力进行了筛选。一些酵母分离株表现出淀粉水解酶、蛋白酶、脂肪酶或纤维素酶活性，但在测试的条件下，没有一种酵母表现出木聚糖酶活性。据我们所知，这是首次描述来自南极海域的与海洋海绵相关的可培养酵母。
