Department of Counseling and Applied Educational Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.
J Nutr Educ Behav. 2013 Mar;45(2):96-101. doi: 10.1016/j.jneb.2011.11.006. Epub 2012 Aug 26.
Inadequate fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption signals a need for identifying predictors and correlates of intake, particularly in diverse adolescents.
Participants completed an on-line assessment in early 2010.
Computer classrooms in 4 high schools.
One hundred twenty-two Caucasian and 125 minority (African American and Hispanic) high school students (mean age = 15.3 years, SD = 1.0) with parental consent. Response rate was 89%.
Self-efficacy as measured by confidence in goal setting and decision making about healthful eating; perceived benefits and barriers to eating FVs; healthful eating-related social support; body esteem; and FV intake.
t tests were used to examine group differences, and binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to explore the predictors of 5-A-Day FV consumption.
Thirty-four percent of the non-minority group and 28% of the minority group reported eating 5 or more portions of FVs a day (P = .34). Self-efficacy and perceived benefits predicted consumption in minority participants, whereas barriers and social support were significant predictors in the non-minority group.
These findings suggest different variables predict consumption for minority and non-minority groups and that self-efficacy is an important variable to consider in dietary change programs for minority adolescents.
蔬果摄入不足表明需要识别摄入量的预测因素和关联因素，尤其是在不同种族的青少年中。
参与者于 2010 年初完成在线评估。
4 所高中的计算机教室。
122 名白人学生和 125 名少数族裔（非裔美国人和西班牙裔）高中生（平均年龄=15.3 岁，标准差=1.0），均获得了父母的同意。回应率为 89%。
自我效能感，通过对健康饮食的目标设定和决策的信心来衡量；对食用蔬果的益处和障碍的感知；与健康饮食相关的社会支持；身体自尊；以及蔬果摄入量。
采用 t 检验来比较组间差异，采用二元逻辑回归分析来探索 5-A-Day 蔬果摄入量的预测因素。
非少数族裔群体中有 34%，少数族裔群体中有 28%的人报告每天食用 5 份或更多份蔬果（P=0.34）。自我效能感和感知益处可预测少数族裔参与者的食用量，而障碍和社会支持则是非少数族裔群体中的重要预测因素。
这些发现表明，不同变量可以预测少数族裔和非少数族裔群体的食用量，并且自我效能感是少数族裔青少年饮食改变计划中需要考虑的一个重要变量。
