Dan Orrie, Raz Sivan
Department of Psychology, The Center for Psychobiological Research, The Max Stern Academic College of Emek Yezreel, Israel
Department of Psychology, The Center for Psychobiological Research, The Max Stern Academic College of Emek Yezreel, Israel Department of Psychology, Tel Hai College, Israel.
J Atten Disord. 2015 Mar;19(3):231-9. doi: 10.1177/1087054712454571. Epub 2012 Aug 28.
The comorbidity of adult ADHD with test anxiety (TA) has not been previously reported. This comorbidity can potentially affect clinical and academic interventions among individuals with ADHD. The present study investigated the relationships among ADHD, self-esteem, and three subscales of TA among young adults: Cognitive Obstruction, Social Derogation, and Tenseness.
A total of 25 female participants diagnosed with ADHD and 30 female controls without ADHD of comparable age and education completed an Online Continuous Performance Test, an ADHD questionnaire, a self-esteem inventory, and a TA questionnaire.
Participants with ADHD exhibited significantly higher levels of TA on all three subscales and lower levels of self-esteem compared with controls. Self-esteem served as a partial mediator between ADHD and cognitive obstruction TA and as a full mediator between ADHD and social derogation TA, but had no mediation effect in the relationships between ADHD and tenseness TA.
The findings of this study suggest that TA, well known to affect success on tests, is correlated with ADHD. Therefore, interventions for ADHD should include components aimed at reducing TA.
成人注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）与考试焦虑（TA）的共病情况此前尚未见报道。这种共病可能会对ADHD患者的临床和学业干预产生潜在影响。本研究调查了青年成人中ADHD、自尊与TA的三个子量表（认知阻碍、社会贬低和紧张）之间的关系。
共有25名被诊断为ADHD的女性参与者和30名年龄及教育程度相当的未患ADHD的女性对照完成了一项在线持续性操作测试、一份ADHD问卷、一份自尊量表和一份TA问卷。
与对照组相比，ADHD参与者在所有三个子量表上的TA水平显著更高，自尊水平更低。自尊在ADHD与认知阻碍TA之间起部分中介作用，在ADHD与社会贬低TA之间起完全中介作用，但在ADHD与紧张TA之间的关系中没有中介作用。
本研究结果表明，众所周知会影响考试成绩的TA与ADHD相关。因此，ADHD的干预措施应包括旨在降低TA的内容。
