Kita Yosuke, Inoue Yuki
Department of Developmental Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Child Psychiatry, Shimada Ryoiku Center Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan.
Front Psychiatry. 2017 Jul 31;8:137. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00137. eCollection 2017.
The present study aimed to reveal the influences of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptoms on self-esteem and self-perception during early adolescence and to clarify the spillover effect of self-esteem on depressive symptoms. ADHD symptoms in 564 early adolescents were evaluated teacher-rating scales. Self-esteem and depressive symptoms were assessed self-reported scales. We analyzed the relationships among these symptoms using structural equation modeling. Severe inattentive symptoms decreased self-esteem and hyperactive-impulsive symptoms affected self-perception for non-academic domains. Although these ADHD symptoms did not directly affect depressive symptoms, low self-esteem led to severe depression. ODD symptoms had a direct impact on depression without the mediating effects of self-esteem. These results indicated that inattentive symptoms had a negative impact on self-esteem and an indirect negative effect on depressive symptoms in adolescents, even if ADHD symptoms were subthreshold. Severe ODD symptoms can be directly associated with depressive symptoms during early adolescence.
本研究旨在揭示注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）和对立违抗障碍（ODD）症状对青春期早期自尊和自我认知的影响，并阐明自尊对抑郁症状的溢出效应。使用教师评定量表对564名青春期早期青少年的ADHD症状进行评估。通过自我报告量表评估自尊和抑郁症状。我们使用结构方程模型分析这些症状之间的关系。严重的注意力不集中症状会降低自尊，多动冲动症状会影响非学业领域的自我认知。虽然这些ADHD症状没有直接影响抑郁症状，但低自尊会导致严重抑郁。ODD症状对抑郁有直接影响，且没有自尊的中介作用。这些结果表明，即使ADHD症状处于阈下水平，注意力不集中症状也会对青少年的自尊产生负面影响，并对抑郁症状产生间接负面影响。严重的ODD症状在青春期早期可直接与抑郁症状相关。
