Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium.
J Periodontol. 2013 Jul;84(7):880-94. doi: 10.1902/jop.2012.120187. Epub 2012 Aug 30.
Survival rates in implant dentistry today are high, although late failures do occur for many reasons, including peri-implant infections. The primary objective of this study is to investigate microbiota around single turned implants after 16 to 22 years. Secondary objectives are to compare teeth and implants and to correlate microbiologic, radiographic, and clinical parameters.
A total of 46 patients with single implants were invited for a clinical examination. Clinical data were collected from implants and contralateral natural teeth. Radiographic bone level was measured around implants. Microbiologic samples were taken from implants, contralateral teeth, and the deepest pocket per quadrant. Samples were analyzed with DNA-DNA hybridization including 40 species. Statistical analysis was performed using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, McNemar tests, and Spearman correlation coefficients with a 0.05 significance level.
Mean follow-up was 18.5 years (range 16 to 22 years). Tannerella forsythia (1.5 × 10(5)) and Veillonella parvula (1.02 × 10(5)) showed the highest concentrations around implants and teeth, respectively. Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, and T. forsythia were significantly more present around implants than teeth. Mean counts were significantly higher around implants than teeth for Parvimonas micra, P. gingivalis, P. intermedia, T. forsythia, and Treponema denticola. Total DNA count was correlated to interproximal bleeding index (r = 0.409) and interproximal probing depth (r = 0.307). No correlations were present with plaque index or radiographic bone level.
In the present study, bacterial counts around single implants in periodontally healthy patients are rather low. Although pathogenic bacteria are present, some in higher numbers around implants than teeth (five of 40), the majority of implants present with healthy peri-implant tissues without progressive bone loss.
如今，种植体牙科的存活率很高，但由于许多原因，包括种植体周围感染，仍会发生晚期失败。本研究的主要目的是调查 16 至 22 年后单牙种植体周围的微生物群。次要目标是比较牙齿和种植体，并将微生物学、影像学和临床参数相关联。
共邀请 46 名单牙种植体患者进行临床检查。从种植体和对侧天然牙收集临床数据。测量种植体周围的放射状骨水平。从种植体、对侧牙齿和每个象限最深的口袋中采集微生物样本。使用包括 40 个种的 DNA-DNA 杂交分析样本。使用 Wilcoxon 符号秩检验、McNemar 检验和 Spearman 相关系数进行统计分析，显著性水平为 0.05。
平均随访时间为 18.5 年（范围 16 至 22 年）。福赛斯坦纳菌（1.5×10(5)）和小韦荣球菌（1.02×10(5)）在种植体和牙齿周围的浓度最高。与牙齿相比，牙龈卟啉单胞菌、中间普雷沃菌和福赛斯坦纳菌在种植体周围的存在更为显著。与牙齿相比，微小消化链球菌、牙龈卟啉单胞菌、中间普雷沃菌、福赛斯坦纳菌和牙髓密螺旋体在种植体周围的计数明显更高。总 DNA 计数与探诊出血指数（r=0.409）和探诊深度（r=0.307）相关。与菌斑指数或放射状骨水平无相关性。
在本研究中，牙周健康患者单牙种植体周围的细菌计数相当低。尽管存在致病菌，其中一些在种植体周围的数量高于牙齿（40 种中的 5 种），但大多数种植体具有健康的种植体周围组织，没有进行性骨丧失。
