Department of Health, Nutrition and Management, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
PLoS One. 2012;7(8):e42550. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042550. Epub 2012 Aug 28.
While beneficial health effects of fish and fish oil consumption are well documented, the incorporation of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in plasma lipid classes is not completely understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of fish oil supplementation on the plasma lipidomic profile in healthy subjects.
METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: In a double-blinded randomized controlled parallel-group study, healthy subjects received capsules containing either 8 g/d of fish oil (FO) (1.6 g/d EPA+DHA) (n = 16) or 8 g/d of high oleic sunflower oil (HOSO) (n = 17) for seven weeks. During the first three weeks of intervention, the subjects completed a fully controlled diet period. BMI and total serum triglycerides, total-, LDL- and HDL-cholesterol were unchanged during the intervention period. Lipidomic analyses were performed using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC) coupled to electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (QTOFMS), where 568 lipids were detected and 260 identified. Both t-tests and Multi-Block Partial Least Square Regression (MBPLSR) analysis were performed for analysing differences between the intervention groups. The intervention groups were well separated by the lipidomic data after three weeks of intervention. Several lipid classes such as phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, lysophosphatidylcholine, sphingomyelin, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylglycerol, and triglycerides contributed strongly to this separation. Twenty-three lipids were significantly decreased (FDR<0.05) in the FO group after three weeks compared with the HOSO group, whereas fifty-one were increased including selected phospholipids and triglycerides of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. After seven weeks of intervention the two intervention groups showed similar grouping.
CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: In healthy subjects, fish oil supplementation alters lipid metabolism and increases the proportion of phospholipids and triglycerides containing long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. Whether the beneficial effects of fish oil supplementation may be explained by a remodeling of the plasma lipids into phospholipids and triglycerides of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids needs to be further investigated.
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01034423.
虽然鱼类和鱼油摄入对健康有益这一点已得到充分证实，但人们对 n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸在血浆脂质中的结合仍不完全了解。本研究旨在调查鱼油补充对健康受试者血浆脂质组谱的影响。
方法/主要发现：在一项双盲随机对照平行组研究中，16 名健康受试者每天服用 8 克鱼油（FO）（1.6 克 EPA+DHA）胶囊（FO 组），17 名健康受试者每天服用 8 克高油酸葵花籽油（HOSO）胶囊（HOSO 组），持续 7 周。在干预的前 3 周，受试者完成了一个完全控制的饮食期。在干预期间，BMI 和总血清甘油三酯、总胆固醇、LDL-胆固醇和 HDL-胆固醇均无变化。采用超高效液相色谱（UPLC）与电喷雾电离四极杆飞行时间质谱（QTOFMS）联用的方法进行脂质组学分析，共检测到 568 种脂质，鉴定出 260 种脂质。对干预组之间的差异进行了 t 检验和多块偏最小二乘回归（MBPLSR）分析。在干预 3 周后，两组的脂质组学数据得到了很好的分离。一些脂质类别，如磷脂酰胆碱、磷脂酰乙醇胺、溶血磷脂酰胆碱、神经鞘磷脂、磷脂酰丝氨酸、磷脂酰甘油和甘油三酯，对这种分离有很大的贡献。与 HOSO 组相比，FO 组在干预 3 周后有 23 种脂质显著降低（FDR<0.05），而 51 种脂质增加，包括选定的长链多不饱和脂肪酸的磷脂和甘油三酯。干预 7 周后，两组的分组相似。
结论/意义：在健康受试者中，鱼油补充改变了脂质代谢，增加了长链多不饱和脂肪酸的磷脂和甘油三酯的比例。鱼油补充的有益效果是否可以通过将血浆脂质重塑为长链多不饱和脂肪酸的磷脂和甘油三酯来解释，还需要进一步研究。
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01034423。
