Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45140, USA.
Exp Gerontol. 2013 Jul;48(7):671-6. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2012.08.011. Epub 2012 Sep 1.
Complex interactions link psychological stress and aging - stress generally promotes aging processes, and conversely, aging can contribute to stress dysregulation. Stress and aging have remarkably similar effects on brain. Both induce neuroinflammation and alter neuronal metabolism and activity, which to varying extents are causally-linked to the development of stress and aging pathology. As such, induction of one or more of these brain disturbances by either stress or aging could predispose for the development of dysfunction in the other. Notably, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is expressed in brain regions that regulate both stress and aging (e.g., hippocampus) and can act to prevent the consequences of aging and stress on the brain. In addition, PPARγ agonists reduce the physiological stress response itself. Thus, PPARγ may represent a critical mechanistic link between brain aging and stress that could hold therapeutic potential for the prevention and treatment of age-related cognitive and mood disorders.
复杂的相互作用将心理压力和衰老联系在一起——压力通常会促进衰老过程，反之亦然，衰老也会导致压力调节失调。压力和衰老对大脑有非常相似的影响。两者都会引发神经炎症，改变神经元的代谢和活动，而这些在不同程度上与压力和衰老病理的发展有关。因此，无论是压力还是衰老引起的这些脑紊乱中的一种或多种，都可能使另一种脑紊乱更容易发生。值得注意的是，过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体 γ (PPARγ) 在调节压力和衰老的大脑区域（如海马体）中表达，并且可以防止衰老和压力对大脑的影响。此外，PPARγ 激动剂还可以减轻生理性应激反应本身。因此，PPARγ 可能是大脑衰老和应激之间的关键机制联系，这可能为预防和治疗与年龄相关的认知和情绪障碍提供治疗潜力。
