Department of Neurosciences and Behavior, University of Sao Paulo, Av, dos Bandeirantes, 3900-3° andar, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14048-900, Brazil.
Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy. 2012 Sep 12;7:40. doi: 10.1186/1747-597X-7-40.
Many studies reported that brief interventions are effective in reducing excessive drinking. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of a protocol of brief intervention for college students (BASICS), delivered face-to-face, to reduce risky alcohol consumption and negative consequences.
A systematic review with meta-analysis was performed by searching for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in Medline, PsycInfo, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases. A quality assessment of RCTs was made by using a validated scale. Combined mean effect sizes, using meta-analysis random-effects models, were calculated.
18 studies were included in the review. The sample sizes ranged from 54 to 1275 (median=212). All studies presented a good evaluation of methodological quality and four were found to have excellent quality. After approximately 12 months of follow-up, students receiving BASICS showed a significant reduction in alcohol consumption (difference between means=-1.50 drinks per week, 95% CI: -3.24 to -0.29) and alcohol-related problems (difference between means=-0.87, 95% CI: -1.58 to -0.20) compared to controls.
Overall, BASICS lowered both alcohol consumption and negative consequences in college students. Gender and peer factors seem to play an important role as moderators of behavior change in college drinking. Characteristics of BASICS procedure have been evaluated as more favorable and acceptable by students in comparison with others interventions or control conditions. Considerations for future researches were discussed.
许多研究表明，简短干预在减少过量饮酒方面是有效的。本研究旨在评估面对面进行的大学生简短干预方案（BASICS）在减少危险饮酒和不良后果方面的疗效。
通过在 Medline、PsycInfo、Web of Science 和 Cochrane Library 数据库中搜索随机对照试验（RCT），进行系统评价和荟萃分析。使用经过验证的量表对 RCT 进行质量评估。使用荟萃分析随机效应模型计算综合平均效应大小。
共纳入 18 项研究。样本量从 54 到 1275 不等（中位数=212）。所有研究的方法学质量评估均较好，其中 4 项研究质量优秀。在大约 12 个月的随访后，接受 BASICS 的学生与对照组相比，饮酒量显著减少（平均差异=-1.50 杯/周，95%CI：-3.24 至-0.29），与酒精相关的问题也减少（平均差异=-0.87，95%CI：-1.58 至-0.20）。
总体而言，BASICS 降低了大学生的饮酒量和不良后果。性别和同伴因素似乎是大学生饮酒行为改变的重要调节因素。与其他干预措施或对照条件相比，BASICS 程序的特点被学生评估为更有利和可接受。讨论了未来研究的注意事项。
