Borg U, Lyttkens L, Nilsson L G, Sjöstrand U
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand Suppl. 1977;64:37-53. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.1977.tb01261.x.
In experiments in dogs the ventilatory and circulatory conditions prevailing with the ventilatory pattern in high-frequency positive-pressure ventilation (HFPPV) were investigated with use of a pneumatic valve principle and a ventilator system of an "open" character. Keeping the gas input constant the importance of insufflation frequency and insufflation time and the reactions to various levels of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) were investigated in terms of changes in arterial pH, Pco2 and Po2. With the volumes of delivered gas kept constant, an increasing insufflation frequency from 60 to 100 per min gave a parallel decrease in tidal volume accompanied by lower maximum intratracheal pressures and a significant decrease in alveolar ventilation. Also taking into account the possibilities of inducing a suppression of the spontaneous respiration, higher ventilatory frequencies than 60 per min do now seem to introduce any further advantages. Including the associated effects on cardiac output and venous admixture, the cardio-pulmonary and circulatory parameters studied did not show any substantial changes with PEEP levels below 7.5--10 cm H2O. Thus the level of PEEP, which often is part of the ventilatory pattern in HFPPV, does not seem to have any untoward influence on the circulation (stroke volume, cardiac output, total peripheral vascular resistance) and oxygen transport (arterial oxygen content and oxygen flux) in normovolaemic dogs.
在犬类实验中，利用气动阀原理和“开放式”呼吸机系统，研究了高频正压通气（HFPPV）通气模式下的通气和循环状况。在气体输入量恒定的情况下，从动脉血pH值、Pco2和Po2的变化方面，研究了吹入频率和吹入时间的重要性以及对不同水平呼气末正压（PEEP）的反应。在输送气体量保持恒定的情况下，吹入频率从每分钟60次增加到100次，潮气量随之平行下降，同时气管内最高压力降低，肺泡通气量显著减少。还考虑到抑制自主呼吸的可能性，现在看来高于每分钟60次的通气频率并不会带来任何进一步的优势。包括对心输出量和静脉混合血的相关影响，在PEEP水平低于7.5 - 10 cm H2O时，所研究的心肺和循环参数未显示出任何实质性变化。因此，在HFPPV通气模式中常作为一部分的PEEP水平，似乎对血容量正常的犬类的循环（每搏输出量、心输出量、总外周血管阻力）和氧输送（动脉血氧含量和氧通量）没有任何不良影响。
