HIV and Hepatitis co-infection Unit, National Centre of Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2013 Feb;32(2):289-97. doi: 10.1007/s10096-012-1744-1. Epub 2012 Sep 16.
Torque teno virus (TTV) and torque teno mini virus (TTMV) have been potentially related to liver diseases. The aim of the study was to quantify TTV and TTMV in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/hepatitis C virus (HCV)-coinfected patients to study the relationship between the TTV and TTMV viral loads and the severity of liver disease. We carried out a cross-sectional study in 245 patients coinfected with HIV and HCV (HIV/HCV-group), 114 patients monoinfected with HIV (HIV-group), and 100 healthy blood donors (Control-group). Plasma samples were tested for TTV and TTMV by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The prevalences of TTV and TTMV infections in the HIV/HCV-group and the HIV-group were significantly higher than the Control-group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, TTV and TTMV coinfections were found in 92.2 % (226/245) in the HIV/HCV-group, 84.2 % (96/114) in the HIV-group, and 63 % (63/100 %) in the Control-group (p ≤ 0.05). HIV/HCV-coinfected patients with HIV viral load ≥50 copies/mL and patients with severe activity grade had the highest viral loads of TTV and TTMV (p ≤ 0.05). HIV/HCV-coinfected patients with high TTV load (>2.78 log copies/μL) had increased odds of having advanced fibrosis or severe necroinflammatory activity grade in the liver biopsy. Moreover, HIV/HCV-coinfected patients with high TTMV load (>1.88 log copies/μL) had decreased odds of having no/minimal fibrosis and no/mild activity grade, and increased odds of having a high fibrosis progression rate. In conclusion, TTV and TTMV might play a role in the development of liver disease in immunodeficiency patients, such as the patients coinfected with HIV and HCV.
Torque teno 病毒（TTV）和 Torque teno 微小病毒（TTMV）可能与肝脏疾病有关。本研究旨在定量检测人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）/丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）合并感染患者的 TTV 和 TTMV，以研究 TTV 和 TTMV 病毒载量与肝脏疾病严重程度之间的关系。我们对 245 例 HIV 和 HCV 合并感染患者（HIV/HCV 组）、114 例 HIV 单一感染患者（HIV 组）和 100 例健康献血者（对照组）进行了横断面研究。采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测血浆样本中的 TTV 和 TTMV。HIV/HCV 组和 HIV 组的 TTV 和 TTMV 感染率明显高于对照组（p<0.05）。此外，HIV/HCV 组中 TTV 和 TTMV 合并感染率为 92.2%（226/245），HIV 组为 84.2%（96/114），对照组为 63%（63/100）（p≤0.05）。HIV 载量≥50 拷贝/ml 的 HIV/HCV 合并感染患者和活动度严重的患者具有最高的 TTV 和 TTMV 病毒载量（p≤0.05）。TTV 负荷较高（>2.78 log 拷贝/μL）的 HIV/HCV 合并感染患者发生肝纤维化或严重坏死性炎症活动度的几率增加。此外，TTMV 负荷较高（>1.88 log 拷贝/μL）的 HIV/HCV 合并感染患者发生无/最小纤维化和无/轻度活动度的几率降低，纤维化进展率升高的几率增加。总之，TTV 和 TTMV 可能在免疫缺陷患者肝脏疾病的发生中发挥作用，如 HIV 和 HCV 合并感染的患者。
