Integrated Department of Immunology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.
Immunol Res. 2013 Mar;55(1-3):187-200. doi: 10.1007/s12026-012-8362-y.
The type I and II interferons (IFNs) play important roles in regulating immune responses during viral and bacterial infections and in the context of autoimmune and neoplastic diseases. These two IFN types bind to distinct cell surface receptors that are expressed by nearly all cells to trigger signal transduction events and elicit diverse cellular responses. In some cases, type I and II IFNs trigger similar cellular responses, while in other cases, the IFNs have unique or antagonistic effects on host cells. Negative regulators of IFN signaling also modulate cellular responses to the IFNs and play important roles in maintaining immunological homeostasis. In this review, we provide an overview of how IFNs stimulate cellular responses. We discuss the disparate effects of type I and II IFNs on host resistance to certain intracellular bacterial infections and provide an overview of models that have been proposed to account for these disparate effects. Mechanisms of antagonistic cross talk between type I and II IFNs are also introduced.
I 型和 II 型干扰素 (IFNs) 在病毒和细菌感染期间以及在自身免疫和肿瘤疾病的背景下，发挥着调节免疫反应的重要作用。这两种 IFN 类型与几乎所有细胞表达的不同细胞表面受体结合，引发信号转导事件并引起不同的细胞反应。在某些情况下，I 型和 II 型 IFNs 引发相似的细胞反应，而在其他情况下，IFNs 对宿主细胞具有独特或拮抗作用。IFN 信号转导的负调节剂也调节细胞对 IFNs 的反应，并在维持免疫稳态中发挥重要作用。在这篇综述中，我们概述了 IFNs 如何刺激细胞反应。我们讨论了 I 型和 II 型 IFNs 对宿主抵抗某些细胞内细菌感染的不同影响，并概述了用于解释这些不同影响的模型。还介绍了 I 型和 II 型 IFNs 之间拮抗交叉对话的机制。
