Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Psychiatry Res. 2013 Jan 30;205(1-2):159-64. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2012.08.030. Epub 2012 Sep 15.
To address health problems that have a major impact on global health requires research designs that go beyond randomized controlled trials. One such design, the participant preference trial, provides additional information in an ecologically valid manner, once intervention efficacy has been demonstrated. The current study presents illustrative data from a participant preference trial of an internet-based smoking cessation intervention. Participants (N=7763) from 124 countries accessed the intervention and were allowed to choose from nine different site components to aid their quit attempt. Of consenting participants, 36.7% completed at least one follow-up assessment. Individuals with depression were more likely to choose a mood management module and participants who smoked a higher number of cigarettes were more likely to choose a cigarette counter and a nicotine replacement therapy guide. Furthermore, depressed participants selecting the mood management component were more likely to report at least one successful 7 day quit (37.2% vs. 22.2%) in the 12 months following the intervention. Thus, participants with depressive symptoms appear to make choices on the basis of their needs and to benefit from these decisions. This suggests that providing the ability to customize previously validated resources may be a successful way to widely disseminate interventions.
为了解决对全球健康有重大影响的健康问题，需要采用超越随机对照试验的研究设计。其中一种设计是参与者偏好试验，一旦干预效果得到证实，它以更符合生态学的方式提供额外的信息。本研究展示了一项基于互联网的戒烟干预措施的参与者偏好试验的说明性数据。来自 124 个国家的 7763 名参与者访问了该干预措施，并可以从九个不同的网站组件中进行选择，以帮助他们戒烟。在同意参加的参与者中，36.7%至少完成了一次随访评估。患有抑郁症的个体更有可能选择情绪管理模块，而吸烟数量较多的参与者更有可能选择香烟计数器和尼古丁替代疗法指南。此外，选择情绪管理组件的抑郁参与者在干预后 12 个月内报告至少有一次成功的 7 天戒烟（37.2%比 22.2%）的可能性更大。因此，有抑郁症状的参与者似乎根据自己的需求做出选择，并从这些决策中受益。这表明，提供定制先前经过验证的资源的能力可能是广泛传播干预措施的一种成功方法。
