Shokuhi Sh, Gachkar L, Alavi-Darazam I, Yuhanaee P, Sajadi M
Department of Infectious Disease, Loghman Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Iran Red Crescent Med J. 2012 Jul;14(7):402-7. Epub 2012 Jul 30.
Health care workers (HCWs) are vulnerable populations for infection with blood borne pathogens. This study was conducted to determine occupational exposure to blood and body fluids among HCWs in teaching hospitals in Tehran, Iran.
A self-structures questionnaire was used to study 650 HCWs during 2006 -2007 in some teaching hospitals in Tehran, Iran.
occupational exposure to blood and body fluids to blood and body fluids of patients was noticed in 53.4%. Recapping was the most common cause of niddle stick injuries (26.5%) and 19.9% of HCWs with a history of needlestick or mucosal exposure had sought medical advice from a specialist, 79.4% of these visited a doctor in the first 24 hours after exposure. Twenty percent of people with a history of needlestick or mucosal exposure to human immune deficiency virus positive (HIV(+)) patients received post-exposure prophylaxis and 46.7% tested themselves for seroconversion. 25.8% of HCWs with a history of needlestick or mucosal exposure with HBsAg(+) patients received hepatitis B immunoglobuline (HBIG), all of these had received it in the first 72 hours after exposure. History of vaccination, and reassurance about the effective serum antibody titer was the most frequent reason mentioned in case the individuals did not receive HBIG (56.5%).
There is a need for further research to investigate why many HCWs do not take prophylactic and essential actions after needle stick or mucosal exposure to body fluids of infected patients.
医护人员是血源性病原体感染的高危人群。本研究旨在确定伊朗德黑兰教学医院医护人员的职业性血液和体液暴露情况。
2006 - 2007年期间，在伊朗德黑兰的一些教学医院，使用自填式问卷对650名医护人员进行了研究。
53.4%的医护人员存在职业性血液和体液暴露于患者血液和体液的情况。回套针帽是针刺伤最常见的原因（26.5%），19.9%有针刺或黏膜暴露史的医护人员向专科医生寻求过医疗建议，其中79.4%在暴露后24小时内就诊。有针刺或黏膜暴露于人类免疫缺陷病毒阳性（HIV(+)）患者史的人员中，20%接受了暴露后预防，46.7%进行了血清转化检测。有针刺或黏膜暴露于乙肝表面抗原阳性（HBsAg(+)）患者史的医护人员中，25.8%接受了乙肝免疫球蛋白（HBIG），所有这些人都是在暴露后72小时内接受的。未接受HBIG的个体中，最常提及的原因是有疫苗接种史以及对有效血清抗体滴度的放心（56.5%）。
有必要进一步研究，以调查为何许多医护人员在针刺或黏膜暴露于感染患者的体液后未采取预防性和必要措施。
