Centre for Tropical Medicine, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, UK.
Epidemiol Infect. 2013 Aug;141(8):1604-13. doi: 10.1017/S0950268812002014. Epub 2012 Sep 25.
Non-typhoidal Salmonella are an important but poorly characterized cause of paediatric diarrhoea in developing countries. We conducted a hospital-based case-control study in children aged <5 years in Ho Chi Minh City to define the epidemiology and examine risk factors associated with Salmonella diarrhoeal infections. From 1419 diarrhoea cases and 571 controls enrolled between 2009 and 2010, 77 (5∙4%) diarrhoea cases were stool culture-positive for non-typhoidal Salmonella. Salmonella patients were more likely to be younger than controls (median age 10 and 12 months, respectively) [odds ratio (OR) 0∙97; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0∙94-0∙99], to report a recent diarrhoeal contact (8∙1% cases, 1∙8% controls; OR 5∙98, 95% CI 1∙8-20∙4) and to live in a household with >2 children (cases 20∙8%, controls 10∙2%; OR 2∙32, 95% CI 1∙2-4∙7). Our findings indicate that Salmonella are an important cause of paediatric gastroenteritis in this setting and we suggest that transmission may occur through direct human contact in the home.
非伤寒型沙门氏菌是发展中国家儿童腹泻的一个重要但研究不足的病因。我们在胡志明市开展了一项基于医院的病例对照研究，以确定沙门氏菌腹泻感染的流行病学和相关危险因素。在 2009 年至 2010 年期间，共纳入了 1419 例腹泻病例和 571 例对照，其中 77 例（5.4%）腹泻病例粪便培养为非伤寒型沙门氏菌阳性。沙门氏菌感染患儿比对照组更可能年龄较小（中位数年龄分别为 10 个月和 12 个月）[比值比（OR）0.97；95%置信区间（CI）0.94-0.99]，报告最近有腹泻接触史（8.1%的病例，1.8%的对照；OR 5.98，95%CI 1.8-20.4），并且居住在有>2 个孩子的家庭中（病例为 20.8%，对照为 10.2%；OR 2.32，95%CI 1.2-4.7）。我们的研究结果表明，沙门氏菌是该地区儿童肠胃炎的一个重要病因，我们认为传播可能通过家庭内的直接人际接触发生。
