Wen S W, Goldenberg R L, Cutter G R, Hoffman H J, Cliver S P
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alabama at Birmingham 35294.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1990 Jan;162(1):213-8. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(90)90853-y.
Prenatally ascertained risk factors for low birth weight were evaluated in a population of 17,000 indigent women for their specific effect on intrauterine growth retardation and on the rate of preterm delivery. In a univariate analysis, intrauterine growth retardation occurred more frequently in women who were black, single, primiparous, less than 17 or greater than 30 years old, short, thin, had a previous preterm delivery, consumed alcohol, took drugs, or gained limited weight. Preterm delivery occurred significantly more frequently in women who were black, single, thin, less than 17 or greater than 30 years old, had less than a twelfth grade education, or gained limited weight. In logistic regression analyses, race, parity, maternal age, a history of preterm delivery, smoking, short stature, low weight, and low weight gain remained significant risk factors of intrauterine growth retardation. Of these factors, smoking, short stature, low weight, and low weight gain showed the greatest correlation. Factors significantly related to preterm delivery included black race, single marital status, younger or older ages, previous preterm delivery, smoking, low weight, and very low or high weight gain. A previous preterm delivery and very low maternal weight had the greatest correlation. Identification of specific risk factors of both intrauterine growth retardation and preterm delivery should aid in the development of strategies to reduce the prevalence of these conditions.
在17000名贫困妇女组成的人群中，对产前确定的低出生体重风险因素进行了评估，以了解其对宫内生长迟缓及早产发生率的具体影响。在单变量分析中，宫内生长迟缓在以下妇女中更频繁发生：黑人、单身、初产妇、年龄小于17岁或大于30岁、身材矮小、体型消瘦、有早产史、饮酒、吸毒或体重增加有限。早产在以下妇女中显著更频繁发生：黑人、单身、体型消瘦、年龄小于17岁或大于30岁、受教育程度低于十二年级或体重增加有限。在逻辑回归分析中，种族、产次、母亲年龄、早产史、吸烟、身材矮小、体重低和体重增加少仍然是宫内生长迟缓的显著风险因素。在这些因素中，吸烟、身材矮小、体重低和体重增加少显示出最大的相关性。与早产显著相关的因素包括黑人种族、单身婚姻状况、年龄较小或较大、既往早产史、吸烟、体重低以及极低或极高的体重增加。既往早产史和极低的母亲体重具有最大的相关性。识别宫内生长迟缓和早产的特定风险因素应有助于制定策略以降低这些情况的发生率。
