Wen S W, Goldenberg R L, Cutter G R, Hoffman H J, Cliver S P, Davis R O, DuBard M B
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alabama at Birmingham 35294.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1990 Jan;162(1):53-8. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(90)90819-s.
The relationship between smoking and maternal age and their combined effects on birth weight, intrauterine growth retardation, and preterm delivery were studied. Smoking lowers birth weight both by decreasing fetal growth and by lowering gestational age at delivery. However, the effect of smoking on both fetal growth and gestational age is significantly greater as maternal age advances. In a multiple logistic regression model adjusting for race, parity, marital status, maternal weight, weight gain, and alcohol use, smoking was associated with a fivefold increased risk of growth retardation in women older than 35 but less than a twofold increased risk in women younger than 17. Smoking reduced birth weight by 134 gm in young women but 301 gm in women older than 35. Smoking in older women also was associated with more instances of preterm delivery and a lower mean gestational age when compared to women 25 or younger.
研究了吸烟与产妇年龄之间的关系，以及它们对出生体重、宫内生长迟缓及早产的综合影响。吸烟通过降低胎儿生长速度和降低分娩时的孕周来降低出生体重。然而，随着产妇年龄的增加，吸烟对胎儿生长和孕周的影响显著增大。在一个对种族、产次、婚姻状况、产妇体重、体重增加量及饮酒情况进行校正的多因素逻辑回归模型中，吸烟与35岁以上女性生长迟缓风险增加5倍相关，但与17岁以下女性生长迟缓风险增加不到2倍相关。吸烟使年轻女性的出生体重降低134克，但使35岁以上女性的出生体重降低301克。与25岁及以下的女性相比，老年女性吸烟还与更多的早产情况及更低的平均孕周相关。
