College of Kinesiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
J Sport Exerc Psychol. 2012 Oct;34(5):647-60. doi: 10.1123/jsep.34.5.647.
Research on exercise identity (EXID) indicates that it is related to negative affect when exercisers are inconsistent or relapse. Although identity theory suggests that causal attributions about this inconsistency elicit negative self-conscious emotions of shame and guilt, no EXID studies have examined this for exercise relapse. Weiner's attribution-based theory of interpersonal motivation (2010) offers a means of testing the attribution-emotion link. Using both frameworks, we examined whether EXID and attributional properties predicted negative emotions for exercise relapse. Participants (n = 224) read an exercise relapse vignette, and then completed EXID, attributions, and emotion measures. Hierarchical multiple regression models using EXID and the attributional property of controllability significantly predicted each of shame and guilt, R² adjusted = .09, ps ≤ .001. Results support identity theory suggestions and Weiner's specific attribution-emotion hypothesis. This first demonstration of an interlinking of EXID, controllability, and negative self-conscious emotions offers more predictive utility using complementary theories than either theory alone.
运动认同（EXID）的研究表明，当锻炼者不一致或复发时，它与负面情绪有关。尽管身份理论表明，对这种不一致的因果归因会引起羞耻和内疚等消极的自我意识情绪，但没有 EXID 研究对此进行过检验。Weiner 的基于归因的人际动机理论（2010）提供了一种检验归因-情绪联系的方法。我们使用这两个框架，检验了 EXID 和归因属性是否可以预测锻炼复发时的负面情绪。参与者（n=224）阅读了一个锻炼复发的情景片段，然后完成了 EXID、归因和情绪测量。使用 EXID 和可控制性归因属性的分层多元回归模型显著预测了羞耻和内疚的每一种情绪，调整后的 R²=.09，p 值均≤.001。结果支持身份理论的观点和 Weiner 的特定归因-情绪假设。这是首次证明 EXID、可控制性和消极的自我意识情绪之间存在相互关联，使用补充理论比单独使用任何一种理论都具有更高的预测效用。
