Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 95108, USA.
Trends Cell Biol. 2012 Dec;22(12):683-91. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2012.09.004. Epub 2012 Oct 12.
The complexity of the human body derives from numerous modular building blocks assembled hierarchically across multiple length scales. These building blocks, spanning sizes ranging from single cells to organs, interact to regulate development and normal organismal function but become disorganized during disease. Here, we review methods for the bottom-up and directed assembly of modular, multicellular, and tissue-like constructs in vitro. These engineered tissues will help refine our understanding of the relationship between form and function in the human body, provide new models for the breakdown in tissue architecture that accompanies disease, and serve as building blocks for the field of regenerative medicine.
人体的复杂性源于众多模块化构建块，这些构建块跨越从单个细胞到器官的大小范围，通过多层次的方式组装而成。这些构建块相互作用，调节着发育和正常的器官功能，但在疾病发生时会变得紊乱。在这里，我们回顾了体外自上而下和定向组装模块化、多细胞和组织样构建体的方法。这些工程组织将有助于我们更深入地了解人体中形态和功能之间的关系，为伴随疾病发生的组织架构崩溃提供新的模型，并作为再生医学领域的构建模块。
