School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.
Dalton Trans. 2013 Mar 7;42(9):3136-50. doi: 10.1039/c2dt32010j. Epub 2012 Oct 18.
Natural oxygenases catalyse the insertion of oxygen into an impressive array of organic substrates with exquisite efficiency, specificity and power unparalleled by current biomimetic catalysts. However, their true potential to provide tailor-made oxygenation catalysts remains largely untapped, perhaps a consequence of the evolutionary complexity imprinted into their three-dimensional structures through millennia of exposure to parallel selective pressures. In this perspective we describe how we may take inspiration from natural enzymes to design manmade oxygenase enzymes free from such complexity. We explore the differing chemistries accessed by natural oxygenases and outline a stepwise methodology whereby functional elements key to oxygenase catalysis are assembled within artificially designed protein scaffolds.
天然加氧酶以令人惊叹的效率、特异性和威力催化氧气插入到一系列令人印象深刻的有机底物中，这是当前仿生催化剂无法比拟的。然而，它们在提供定制加氧催化剂方面的真正潜力在很大程度上尚未得到开发，这也许是由于它们在几千年的平行选择压力下，其三维结构中融入了进化的复杂性。在本观点中，我们描述了如何从天然酶中汲取灵感来设计人工加氧酶，使其摆脱这种复杂性。我们探讨了天然加氧酶所采用的不同化学性质，并概述了一种逐步的方法，即在人为设计的蛋白质支架中组装对加氧酶催化至关重要的功能元件。
