Centers for Proteomics & Systems Biology, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Proteomics Clin Appl. 2012 Dec;6(11-12):563-73. doi: 10.1002/prca.201200042.
Antibodies have been extensively used as capture and detection reagents in diagnostic applications of proteomics-based technologies. Proteomic assays need high sensitivity and specificity, a wide dynamic range for detection, and accurate, reproducible quantification with small confidence values. However, several inherent limitations of monoclonal antibodies in meeting the emerging challenges of proteomics led to the development of a new class of oligonucleotide-based reagents. Natural and derivatized nucleic acid aptamers are emerging as promising alternatives to monoclonal antibodies. Aptamers can be effectively used to simultaneously detect thousands of proteins in multiplex discovery platforms, where antibodies often fail due to cross-reactivity problems. Through chemical modification, vast range of additional functional groups can be added at any desired position in the oligonucleotide sequence, therefore the best features of small molecule drugs, proteins, and antibodies can be brought together into aptamers, making aptamers the most versatile reagent in proteomics. In this review, we discuss the recent developments in aptamer technology, including new selection methods and the aptamers' application in proteomics.
抗体在基于蛋白质组学技术的诊断应用中被广泛用作捕获和检测试剂。蛋白质组学检测需要高灵敏度和特异性、宽动态检测范围以及具有小置信值的准确、可重现的定量。然而，单克隆抗体在满足蛋白质组学新兴挑战方面的一些固有局限性导致了一类新的基于寡核苷酸的试剂的开发。天然和衍生化核酸适体作为单克隆抗体的替代品正在兴起。适体可有效用于在多重发现平台上同时检测数千种蛋白质，而抗体由于交叉反应问题经常失败。通过化学修饰，可以在寡核苷酸序列的任何所需位置添加大量额外的功能基团，因此可以将小分子药物、蛋白质和抗体的最佳特性结合到适体中，使适体成为蛋白质组学中最通用的试剂。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了适体技术的最新进展，包括新的选择方法和适体在蛋白质组学中的应用。
