Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
Proc Biol Sci. 2012 Dec 22;279(1749):5024-8. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2012.2322. Epub 2012 Oct 24.
The amount and nature of genetic variation available to natural selection affect the rate, course and outcome of evolution. Consequently, the study of the genetic basis of adaptive evolutionary change has occupied biologists for decades, but progress has been hampered by the lack of resolution and the absence of a genome-level perspective. Technological advances in recent years should now allow us to answer many long-standing questions about the nature of adaptation. The data gathered so far are beginning to challenge some widespread views of the way in which natural selection operates at the genomic level. Papers in this Special Feature of Proceedings of the Royal Society B illustrate various aspects of the broad field of adaptation genomics. This introductory article sets up a context and, on the basis of a few selected examples, discusses how genomic data can advance our understanding of the process of adaptation.
自然选择可用的遗传变异的数量和性质影响进化的速度、进程和结果。因此，几十年来，生物学家一直在研究适应性进化变化的遗传基础，但由于分辨率的缺乏和缺乏基因组水平的视角，进展一直受到阻碍。近年来技术的进步现在应该使我们能够回答许多关于适应本质的长期存在的问题。到目前为止收集的数据开始挑战一些关于自然选择在基因组水平上运作方式的普遍观点。本期《英国皇家学会学报 B》特刊中的论文说明了适应基因组学这一广阔领域的各个方面。这篇介绍性文章提供了一个背景，并基于一些选定的例子，讨论了基因组数据如何促进我们对适应过程的理解。
