Medical Research Council: Respiratory and Meningeal Pathogens Research Unit, South Africa.
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2013 Mar;32(3):e119-27. doi: 10.1097/INF.0b013e3182784b26.
Estimates of the disease burden from childhood pneumonia are available for most developed countries, but they are based mainly on models. Measured country-specific pneumonia burden data are limited to a few nations and differ in case definitions and case ascertainment methods. This review describes pneumonia disease burden in developed countries.
We reviewed studies describing childhood pneumonia incidence in North America, Europe, Australia, New Zealand and Japan. Available estimates suggest that each year in developed countries there are up to 2.6 million cases of pneumonia, including 1.5 million hospitalized cases and around 3000 pneumonia deaths (compared with approximately 640 annual deaths from meningitis) in children <5 years of age.
Data to inform policy decisions would be improved by information on burden and etiology of severe pneumonia, population-based incidence of ambulatory visits and hospitalizations and prevalence of complications and sequelae.
大多数发达国家都有儿童肺炎疾病负担的估算，但这些估算主要基于模型。针对特定国家的肺炎负担的测量数据仅限于少数几个国家，并且在病例定义和病例确定方法上存在差异。本综述描述了发达国家的肺炎疾病负担。
我们综述了描述北美、欧洲、澳大利亚、新西兰和日本儿童肺炎发病率的研究。现有的估计表明，每年在发达国家，有多达 260 万例肺炎病例，包括 150 万住院病例和大约 3000 例肺炎死亡（与每年约 640 例脑膜炎死亡相比）在 5 岁以下儿童中。
通过有关严重肺炎的负担和病因、基于人群的门诊就诊和住院发病率以及并发症和后遗症的患病率的信息，将改善为决策提供信息的数据。
