Causadias José M, Salvatore Jessica E, Sroufe L Alan
University of Minnesota - Institute of Child Development.
Int J Behav Dev. 2012 Jul 1;36(4):293-302. doi: 10.1177/0165025412444076. Epub 2012 Jun 13.
The present study examines two childhood markers of self-regulation, ego-control and ego-resiliency, as promotive factors for the development of global adjustment and as risk factors for the development of internalizing and externalizing behavior problems in a high-risk sample. Teachers and observers rated ego-control and ego-resiliency when participants (n = 136) were in preschool and elementary school. Ratings showed evidence for convergent and discriminant validity and stability over time. Ego-resiliency, but not ego-control, emerged as powerful predictor of adaptive functioning at age 19 and 26, as well as internalizing and externalizing problems at 16, 23, 26, and 32 years. We interpret these findings as evidence that flexibility and adaptability -measured with ego-resiliency- may reduce risk and promote successful adaptation in low-SES environments.
本研究考察了自我调节的两个童年指标，即自我控制和自我恢复力，将其作为促进整体适应发展的因素，以及高危样本中内化和外化行为问题发展的风险因素。当参与者（n = 136）处于学前班和小学阶段时，教师和观察者对其自我控制和自我恢复力进行了评分。评分显示了收敛效度、区分效度以及随时间的稳定性。自我恢复力而非自我控制，成为19岁和26岁时适应性功能的有力预测指标，以及16岁、23岁、26岁和32岁时内化和外化问题的有力预测指标。我们将这些发现解释为，以自我恢复力衡量的灵活性和适应性，可能会降低低社会经济地位环境中的风险并促进成功适应的证据。
