Department of Periodontics, Medical College of Georgia School of Dentistry, Augusta, GA 30912 USA.
EPMA J. 2010 Mar;1(1):101-16. doi: 10.1007/s13167-010-0016-3. Epub 2010 Apr 3.
Diabetes and periodontitis are chronic inflammatory disorders that contribute to each others' severity and worsen each others' prognosis. Studies have shown that patients with diabetes are at increased risk of developing periodontitis, and that diabetics with untreated periodontitis have more difficulty controlling serum glucose. Periodontal treatment that reduces gingival inflammation aids in the control of hyperglycemia. Periodontitis is accompanied by gingival bleeding and the production of an inflammatory exudate termed gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) that arises from the inflamed gingival tissues surrounding the teeth. GCF contains byproducts of connective tissue degradation, enzymes from host and bacterial cells, cytokines and other inflammatory mediators, and has been studied for screening blood glucose and for biomarkers of both diabetes and periodontitis. This review focuses on the inter-relationship between diabetes and periodontitis and the biomarkers common to both these diseases that may enable earlier detection, targeted preventive measures and individualized therapeutic intervention of these chronic conditions.
糖尿病和牙周炎是慢性炎症性疾病，它们相互影响，加重病情，影响预后。研究表明，糖尿病患者患牙周炎的风险增加，未经治疗的牙周炎糖尿病患者控制血清葡萄糖的难度更大。牙周治疗可减轻牙龈炎症，有助于控制高血糖。牙周炎伴有牙龈出血和炎症渗出物的产生，称为龈沟液（GCF），它来自牙齿周围受炎症影响的牙龈组织。GCF 含有结缔组织降解的产物、来自宿主和细菌细胞的酶、细胞因子和其他炎症介质，已被用于筛查血糖以及糖尿病和牙周炎的生物标志物。这篇综述重点介绍了糖尿病和牙周炎之间的相互关系，以及这两种疾病共有的生物标志物，这些标志物可能使这些慢性疾病更早被发现，并采取有针对性的预防措施和个体化的治疗干预。
