Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
Epidemiol Infect. 2013 Oct;141(10):2187-91. doi: 10.1017/S0950268812002695. Epub 2012 Dec 3.
Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection rates increase with maternal seroprevalence due to transmission from maternal non-primary infection. CMV seroprevalence estimates of pregnant women are needed for planning strategies against congenital CMV transmission. We aimed to determine the age-specific prevalence of serum antibodies for CMV in a representative age-stratified sample of unselected pregnant women from a Brazilian population. A total of 985 pregnant women, aged 12–46 years (median 24 years), were enrolled. Overall CMV seroprevalence was 97% (95% confidence interval 95.8–98.0), with age-specific (years) prevalence as follows: 12–19 (96.3%), 20–24 (97.7%), 25–29 (97.1%), and 30–46 (96.7%). CMV seroprevalence is almost universal (97%) and is found at similar levels in pregnant women of ages ranging from 12 to 46 years. Because high CMV seroprevalence is found even in women of a younger age in this population, this finding suggests that the majority of primary CMV infections occur early, in infancy or childhood. As a consequence, vaccines currently under development to prevent primary infection may not be a solution for the prevention of congenital CMV infection in this population.
先天性巨细胞病毒 (CMV) 感染率随母体血清阳性率增加，因为它是由母体非原发性感染传播的。需要对孕妇进行 CMV 血清阳性率估计，以制定预防先天性 CMV 传播的策略。我们旨在确定巴西人群中一个代表性的、年龄分层的未选择孕妇样本中 CMV 血清抗体的年龄特异性流行率。共纳入了 985 名年龄在 12-46 岁（中位数 24 岁）的孕妇。总体 CMV 血清阳性率为 97%（95%置信区间 95.8-98.0），年龄特异性（岁）流行率如下：12-19 岁（96.3%）、20-24 岁（97.7%）、25-29 岁（97.1%）和 30-46 岁（96.7%）。CMV 血清阳性率几乎是普遍的（97%），在 12 至 46 岁的孕妇中发现的水平相似。由于在该人群中，即使年龄较小的女性也存在较高的 CMV 血清阳性率，这一发现表明大多数原发性 CMV 感染发生在婴儿期或儿童期早期。因此，目前正在开发用于预防原发性感染的疫苗可能不是预防该人群先天性 CMV 感染的解决方案。
