Department of Soil, Water and Environmental Science, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
Sci Total Environ. 2013 Jan 15;443:299-306. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.10.095. Epub 2012 Nov 29.
The uptake of arsenic by plants from contaminated soils presents a health hazard that may affect home gardeners neighboring contaminated environments. A controlled greenhouse study was conducted in parallel with a co-created citizen science program (home garden experiment) to characterize the uptake of arsenic by common homegrown vegetables near the Iron King Mine and Humboldt Smelter Superfund site in southern Arizona. The greenhouse and home garden arsenic soil concentrations varied considerably, ranging from 2.35 to 533 mg kg(-1). In the greenhouse experiment four vegetables were grown in three different soil treatments and in the home garden experiment a total of 63 home garden produce samples were obtained from 19 properties neighboring the site. All vegetables accumulated arsenic in both the greenhouse and home garden experiments, ranging from 0.01 to 23.0 mg kg(-1) dry weight. Bioconcentration factors were determined and show that arsenic uptake decreased in the order: Asteraceae>Brassicaceae>Amaranthaceae>Cucurbitaceae>Liliaceae>Solanaceae>Fabaceae. Certain members of the Asteraceae and Brassicaceae plant families have been previously identified as hyperaccumulator plants, and it can be inferred that members of these families have genetic and physiological capacity to accumulate, translocate, and resist high amounts of metals. Additionally, a significant linear correlation was observed between the amount of arsenic that accumulated in the edible portion of the plant and the arsenic soil concentration for the Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Amaranthaceae, and Fabaceae families. The results suggest that home gardeners neighboring mining operations or mine tailings with elevated arsenic levels should be made aware that arsenic can accumulate considerably in certain vegetables, and in particular, it is recommended that gardeners limit consumption of vegetables from the Asteraceae and Brassicaceae plant families.
受污染土壤中植物对砷的吸收对健康构成危害，可能影响到临近污染环境的家庭园艺者。在亚利桑那州南部的 Iron King 矿和 Humboldt 冶炼厂超级基金场地附近，进行了一项受控温室研究和一项共同创建的公民科学计划（家庭花园实验），以研究常见家庭种植蔬菜对砷的吸收。温室和家庭花园土壤中的砷浓度差异很大，范围从 2.35 到 533mg/kg。在温室实验中，四种蔬菜在三种不同的土壤处理中生长，而在家庭花园实验中，从该场地附近的 19 个地点共获得了 63 个家庭花园农产品样本。所有蔬菜在温室和家庭花园实验中都积累了砷，范围从 0.01 到 23.0mg/kg 干重。确定了生物浓缩因子，表明砷的吸收顺序为：菊科>十字花科>苋科>葫芦科>百合科>茄科>豆科。先前已经确定了某些菊科和十字花科植物家族的成员为超积累植物，并且可以推断出这些家族的成员具有积累、转运和抵抗大量金属的遗传和生理能力。此外，还观察到植物可食用部分积累的砷量与 Asteraceae、Brassicaceae、Amaranthaceae 和 Fabaceae 家族土壤中砷浓度之间存在显著的线性相关性。结果表明，应让毗邻采矿作业或砷含量升高的尾矿的家庭园艺者注意到，某些蔬菜中砷可以大量积累，特别是建议园丁限制食用来自菊科和十字花科植物的蔬菜。
