Toglia Joan P, Rodger Sylvia A, Polatajko Helene J
School of Health and Natural Sciences, Mercy College, 555 Broadway, Dobbs Ferry, NY 10522, USA.
Can J Occup Ther. 2012 Oct;79(4):225-36. doi: 10.2182/cjot.2012.79.4.4.
Promoting effective strategy use is an integral part of enabling occupational performance; however, there are variations in how strategies are defined, discussed, used, and applied in occupational therapy practice.
Focusing on cognitive strategies, in this paper, we define and describe strategies and their types and divide the concept of strategies into two dimensions: strategy attributes and strategy use. A comprehensive framework for each dimension (attribute and use) is proposed as a clinical reasoning guide as well as a foundation for future research. The frameworks are designed to reduce ambiguity, deepen understanding, and serve as clinical reasoning guides assisting therapists in specifying, describing, and observing cognitive strategies during occupational performance.
We argue that there is a need for therapists to use consistent terminology and to be able to systematically select cognitive strategies and evaluate their use.
The proposed strategy frameworks provide clinical guides for systematic analysis and selection of cognitive strategies as well as for observing components of strategy use during clients' occupational performance. We suggest the need for greater specification and description of strategies during intervention and highlight directions for future research.
促进有效策略的运用是实现职业表现的一个不可或缺的部分;然而,在职业治疗实践中,策略在定义、讨论、使用和应用方式上存在差异。
本文聚焦于认知策略,对策略及其类型进行定义和描述,并将策略的概念分为两个维度:策略属性和策略使用。针对每个维度(属性和使用)提出了一个全面的框架,作为临床推理指南以及未来研究的基础。这些框架旨在减少模糊性、加深理解,并作为临床推理指南,帮助治疗师在职业表现过程中明确、描述和观察认知策略。
我们认为治疗师需要使用一致的术语,并能够系统地选择认知策略并评估其使用情况。
所提出的策略框架为系统分析和选择认知策略以及观察客户职业表现过程中的策略使用成分提供了临床指南。我们建议在干预过程中需要对策略进行更明确的说明和描述,并突出未来研究的方向。