Nord-Trøndelag University College, Levanger, Norway.
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2012 Dec 14;9:144. doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-9-144.
Little is known about the effect maintaining physical activity throughout adolescence has on cardiovascular risk factors and health status in early adulthood. This ten-year prospective longitudinal study investigated whether differences in physical activity patterns from adolescence to young-adulthood showed different associations with subsequent cardio-metabolic risk factors and mental health in young-adulthood.
Based on the second and third Norwegian Nord-Trøndelag Health Surveys (HUNT2 and 3), we included 1869 individuals (838 males) participating in Young-HUNT (1995-97), aged 13-19 years and followed-up at HUNT3 (2006-08), aged 23-31. Self-reported physical activity (PA), mental health and perceived health were recorded, along with measurements of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), total cholesterol (TC), HDL cholesterol, glucose, triglycerides, resting heart rate (HR) and blood pressure. We used separate linear regressions models to investigate associations between physical activity and each CVD risk factor, and logistic regression analysis to examine PA patterns and subsequent mental health. Physically active maintainers were compared to inactive maintainers. Adopters (inactive as adolescents and physically active as young adults) were compared to inactive maintainers and to those who discontinued activity (relapsers).
Active maintainers had significantly lower HR, compared to all other PA patterns. Active maintaining men had significantly lower WC than relapsers and inactive maintainers. When adjusted for age and gender, WC, BMI, HR, diastolic blood pressure and HDL-C showed significant differences comparing active maintaining to other PA patterns. Comparing inactive maintainers against adopters, only HR was significantly lower. Male adopters did not differ significantly in CVD risk compared to inactive maintainers and relapsers. Among females adopting was associated with lower HR and TC compared to inactive maintainers. Active maintainers showed better mental health than inactive maintainers. Active maintaining males had an increased likelihood of good mental health compared to adopters. Active maintaining females reported greater satisfaction with life compared to adopters.
Those who maintained their physical activity from adolescence to young adulthood demonstrated a significantly lower CVD risk and better mental health, compared to inactive maintainers. Compared to inactivity maintainers and relapsers, adopting physical activity was not significantly associated with lowered CVD risk. Adopting physical activity between adolescence and young adulthood may not necessarily protect against mental distress.
关于青少年时期保持身体活动对成年早期心血管危险因素和健康状况的影响知之甚少。这项为期十年的前瞻性纵向研究调查了青少年到成年早期的身体活动模式的差异是否与成年早期随后的心血管代谢危险因素和心理健康有不同的关联。
基于第二次和第三次挪威北特伦德拉格健康调查（HUNT2 和 3），我们纳入了 1869 名参与者（838 名男性），他们参加了青年 HUNT（1995-97 年），年龄在 13-19 岁，并在 HUNT3（2006-08 年）时随访，年龄在 23-31 岁。记录了自我报告的身体活动（PA）、心理健康和感知健康，以及身体质量指数（BMI）、腰围（WC）、总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、葡萄糖、甘油三酯、静息心率（HR）和血压的测量值。我们使用单独的线性回归模型来研究身体活动与每个 CVD 危险因素之间的关联，并使用逻辑回归分析来检查 PA 模式与随后的心理健康之间的关系。与不活动的维持者相比，积极维持者的 HR 显著降低。与不活动的维持者和活动的放弃者相比，男性活动的维持者的 WC 显著降低。当按年龄和性别调整时，WC、BMI、HR、舒张压和 HDL-C 与活动的维持者相比有显著差异。与不活动的维持者相比，男性活动的采用者的 CVD 风险没有显著差异。与不活动的维持者和活动的放弃者相比，女性活动的采用者的 HR 和 TC 显著降低。与不活动的维持者相比，积极维持者的心理健康状况更好。与采用者相比，积极维持的男性心理健康良好的可能性增加。与采用者相比，积极维持的女性对生活的满意度更高。
与不活动的维持者相比，从青少年到成年早期保持身体活动的人表现出显著较低的 CVD 风险和更好的心理健康。与不活动的维持者和活动的放弃者相比，采用身体活动与降低 CVD 风险无显著相关性。在青少年到成年早期期间采用身体活动可能不一定能预防精神困扰。
