Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Cancer. 2013 Apr 1;119(7):1314-20. doi: 10.1002/cncr.27936. Epub 2012 Dec 21.
Oxidative stress causes damage to many components of human cells (ie, proteins, lipids, and DNA) and is involved in carcinogenesis. Nutrients with antioxidant properties may protect against oxidative stress. In this study, the authors examined the intake of antioxidants from diet and supplements in relation to pancreatic cancer risk among participants of the Vitamins and Lifestyle (VITAL) Study.
The participants included 77,446 men and women ages 50 to 76 years who were residents of western Washington State and who completed a baseline questionnaire between 2000 and 2002. Participants reported usual diet over the past year and use of supplements over the past 10 years in addition to demographic and lifestyle factors. During a median follow-up of 7.1 years, 184 participants developed pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for 7 antioxidants: β-carotene, lutein plus zeaxanthin, lycopene, vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, and zinc.
An inverse association was observed between dietary selenium and the risk of pancreatic cancer (medium vs low intake: HR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.35-0.94; high vs low intake: HR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.23-0.85; Ptrend = .01); however, when supplemental and dietary exposures were combined, the association was no longer statistically significant.
Dietary selenium intake was inversely associated with the risk of pancreatic cancer, and the observed association was attenuated by selenium supplementation.
氧化应激会对人体细胞的许多成分（如蛋白质、脂质和 DNA）造成损害，并与致癌作用有关。具有抗氧化特性的营养素可能有助于预防氧化应激。在这项研究中，作者研究了维生素和生活方式研究（VITAL）参与者饮食和补充剂中抗氧化剂的摄入量与胰腺癌风险之间的关系。
参与者包括 77446 名年龄在 50 至 76 岁之间的男性和女性，他们是华盛顿州西部的居民，并在 2000 年至 2002 年期间完成了基线问卷调查。参与者报告了过去一年的常规饮食以及过去 10 年的补充剂使用情况，此外还报告了人口统计学和生活方式因素。在中位随访 7.1 年期间，有 184 名参与者患上了胰腺腺癌。使用 Cox 比例风险模型来估计 7 种抗氧化剂（β-胡萝卜素、叶黄素加玉米黄质、番茄红素、维生素 C、维生素 E、硒和锌）的多变量调整后的危险比（HR）和 95%置信区间（CI）。
观察到膳食硒与胰腺癌风险呈负相关（中摄入与低摄入相比：HR，0.58；95%CI，0.35-0.94；高摄入与低摄入相比：HR，0.44；95%CI，0.23-0.85；Ptrend =.01）；然而，当合并补充剂和膳食暴露时，这种关联不再具有统计学意义。
膳食硒摄入量与胰腺癌风险呈负相关，观察到的关联因硒补充剂的摄入而减弱。
