The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2013 Jun;23(3):304-9. doi: 10.1016/j.conb.2012.12.007. Epub 2013 Jan 4.
The lesion method provides unique insight into how the human brain generates emotion and feeling. Recent work has explored a number of interesting topics including the dissociation of emotional experience from memory in patients with amnesia, the reliability of specific emotional deficits following focal brain damage (including fear and the amygdala), and the investigation of compensatory neural mechanisms in lesion patients. Several detailed case studies have challenged the necessary role of the insular cortex in both awareness and feeling by showing that even in rare instances of complete bilateral insula destruction, the patient remains fully sentient and capable of expressing and feeling emotion. These findings highlight the distributed nature of emotion processing in the human brain and emphasize the importance of utilizing the lesion method for elucidating brain-behavior relationships.
病变法为研究人类大脑产生情感和感觉的机制提供了独特的视角。最近的研究探讨了许多有趣的主题，包括遗忘症患者的情感体验与记忆分离、特定情绪缺陷（包括恐惧和杏仁核）的大脑局灶性损伤的可靠性，以及病变患者的代偿性神经机制的研究。一些详细的案例研究通过表明即使在罕见的双侧岛叶完全破坏的情况下，患者仍然保持完全的意识并能够表达和感受情感，对岛叶在意识和感觉中的必要作用提出了挑战。这些发现强调了情绪处理在人类大脑中的分布式性质，并强调了利用病变法阐明大脑行为关系的重要性。
