Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, Pharmacology Section, Medical School, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy.
Trends Mol Med. 2013 Mar;19(3):144-56. doi: 10.1016/j.molmed.2012.12.001. Epub 2013 Jan 9.
The roles of Wnts in neural development, synaptogenesis, and cancer are generally well characterized. Nonetheless, evidence exists that interactions between the immune and nervous systems control major brain regenerative processes ranging from physiological or pathological (reparative) regeneration to neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity. Recent studies describe deregulated Wnt-Fzd signaling in degenerative and inflammatory central nervous system (CNS) disorders, and the expression of Wnt signaling components in the immune system, and in immune-like cells of the mammalian CNS. This would suggest a likely involvement of Wnts in inflammation-driven brain damage and inflammation-directed brain repair. Here, we review how Wnts modulate neuroimmune interactions and offer a perspective on the most challenging therapeutic opportunities for those CNS diseases where injury-reactive Wnt-flavored inflammation precedes secondary neurodegeneration.
Wnts 在神经发育、突触发生和癌症中的作用通常得到了很好的描述。尽管如此，有证据表明，免疫系统和神经系统之间的相互作用控制着大脑的主要再生过程，从生理或病理（修复性）再生到神经发生和突触可塑性。最近的研究描述了在退行性和炎症性中枢神经系统（CNS）疾病中 Wnt-Fzd 信号的失调，以及 Wnt 信号成分在免疫系统和哺乳动物 CNS 中的免疫样细胞中的表达。这表明 Wnts 可能参与了炎症驱动的脑损伤和炎症导向的脑修复。在这里，我们回顾了 Wnts 如何调节神经免疫相互作用，并为那些在继发性神经退行性病变之前发生损伤反应性 Wnt 样炎症的 CNS 疾病提供了最具挑战性的治疗机会的观点。
